Redox Recycling-Triggered Peroxidase-Like Activity Enhancement of Bare Gold Nanoparticles for Ultrasensitive Colorimetric Detection of Rare-Earth Ce3+ Ion
Abstract:Although it has been demonstrated that rareearth elements (REEs) disturb and alter the catalytic activity of numerous natural enzymes, their effects on nanomaterialbased artificial enzymes (nanozymes) have been seldom explored. In this work, the influence of REEs on the peroxidase-like activity of bare gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is investigated for the first time, and a new type of Ce 3+ -activated peroxidase mimetic activity of GNPs is obtained. The introduced Ce 3+ can be bound to the bare GNP surface rapidly… Show more
“…A tenfold increased sensitivity was observed using this approach, which reached 10 pM in tap and bottled water, while the sensitivity for saline solution was 65 pM. Despite most sensors described in this section target Hg ions, other systems have been developed to detect specifically Ce 3+ [ 194 ] making use of its redox recycling ability to enhance TMB oxidation or Ag + [ 195 ] taking advantage of its ability to inhibit the nanozyme activity after being reduced onto AuNPs. Fig.…”
Section: Other Applications Of Gold Nanozymesmentioning
In recent years, gold nanoparticles have demonstrated excellent enzyme-mimicking activities which resemble those of peroxidase, oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase or reductase. This, merged with their ease of synthesis, tunability, biocompatibility and low cost, makes them excellent candidates when compared with biological enzymes for applications in biomedicine or biochemical analyses. Herein, over 200 research papers have been systematically reviewed to present the recent progress on the fundamentals of gold nanozymes and their potential applications. The review reveals that the morphology and surface chemistry of the nanoparticles play an important role in their catalytic properties, as well as external parameters such as pH or temperature. Yet, real applications often require specific biorecognition elements to be immobilized onto the nanozymes, leading to unexpected positive or negative effects on their activity. Thus, rational design of efficient nanozymes remains a challenge of paramount importance. Different implementation paths have already been explored, including the application of peroxidase-like nanozymes for the development of clinical diagnostics or the regulation of oxidative stress within cells via their catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. The review also indicates that it is essential to understand how external parameters may boost or inhibit each of these activities, as more than one of them could coexist. Likewise, further toxicity studies are required to ensure the applicability of gold nanozymes in vivo. Current challenges and future prospects of gold nanozymes are discussed in this review, whose significance can be anticipated in a diverse range of fields beyond biomedicine, such as food safety, environmental analyses or the chemical industry.
“…A tenfold increased sensitivity was observed using this approach, which reached 10 pM in tap and bottled water, while the sensitivity for saline solution was 65 pM. Despite most sensors described in this section target Hg ions, other systems have been developed to detect specifically Ce 3+ [ 194 ] making use of its redox recycling ability to enhance TMB oxidation or Ag + [ 195 ] taking advantage of its ability to inhibit the nanozyme activity after being reduced onto AuNPs. Fig.…”
Section: Other Applications Of Gold Nanozymesmentioning
In recent years, gold nanoparticles have demonstrated excellent enzyme-mimicking activities which resemble those of peroxidase, oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase or reductase. This, merged with their ease of synthesis, tunability, biocompatibility and low cost, makes them excellent candidates when compared with biological enzymes for applications in biomedicine or biochemical analyses. Herein, over 200 research papers have been systematically reviewed to present the recent progress on the fundamentals of gold nanozymes and their potential applications. The review reveals that the morphology and surface chemistry of the nanoparticles play an important role in their catalytic properties, as well as external parameters such as pH or temperature. Yet, real applications often require specific biorecognition elements to be immobilized onto the nanozymes, leading to unexpected positive or negative effects on their activity. Thus, rational design of efficient nanozymes remains a challenge of paramount importance. Different implementation paths have already been explored, including the application of peroxidase-like nanozymes for the development of clinical diagnostics or the regulation of oxidative stress within cells via their catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. The review also indicates that it is essential to understand how external parameters may boost or inhibit each of these activities, as more than one of them could coexist. Likewise, further toxicity studies are required to ensure the applicability of gold nanozymes in vivo. Current challenges and future prospects of gold nanozymes are discussed in this review, whose significance can be anticipated in a diverse range of fields beyond biomedicine, such as food safety, environmental analyses or the chemical industry.
“…Moreover, the rapid development of nanozymes has opened new doors for the construction of various biosensors. − As alternatives to natural enzymes, nanozymes have attracted increasing attention due to multiple advantages of low-cost, bulk-preparation, and greater stability over natural enzymes. , Presently, many nanomaterials such as carbon nanomaterials, noble metals (i.e., Au and Pt), and especially metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) like Fe 3 O 4 NPs have been found to possess the enzyme-like catalysis activities. Among which, Fe 3 O 4 NPs inherently with a weak peroxidase-like catalysis have concentrated special application interests in the fields of chemical catalysis, biomedical detection, and magnetic separation .…”
In
this work, a simple and highly selective colorimetric method
has been developed for quantifying trace-level ATP using Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs). It
was discovered that Fe3O4 NPs could present
the dramatically enhanced catalysis once anchored with ATP-specific
aptamers (Apts), which is about 6-fold larger than that of bare Fe3O4 NPs. In the presence of ATP, however, the Apts
would be desorbed from Fe3O4 NPs due to the
Apts-target binding event, leading to the decrease of catalysis rationally
depending on ATP concentrations. A colorimetric strategy was thereby
developed to facilitate the highly selective detection of ATP, showing
the linear concentrations ranging from 0.50 to 100 μM. Subsequently,
the developed ATP sensor was employed for the evaluation of ATP in
blood with the analysis performances comparably better than those
of the documented detection methods, showing the potential applications
in the clinical laboratory for the detective diagnosis of some ATP-indicative
diseases. Importantly, such a catalysis-based detection strategy should
be extended to other kinds of nanozymes with intrinsic catalysis properties
(i.e., peroxidase and oxidase-like activities), promising as a universal
candidate for monitoring various biological species simply by using target-specific
recognition elements like Apts and antibodies.
“…Researchers have synthesized an artificial mimic nanoenzyme to catalyze TMB–H 2 O 2 in a wide temperature range but still at low pH. It is known that TMB cannot react with H 2 O 2 (Figure a) in neutral pH or in water at room temperature and pressure. − However, at the same experimental conditions, we found that TMB can react with H 2 O 2 after addition of a trace amount of Cr 6+ in ultrapure water with a weak signal output (Figure b). Commonly, Cr 6+ cannot react with H 2 O 2 or TMB in neutral pH or in water at room temperature and pressure separately.…”
Generally, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine
(TMB) cannot
react with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in neutral
pH or in water at room temperature and pressure. Herein, we found
that hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) can trigger TMB reacting
with H2O2 (TMB–H2O2) in ultrapure water along with a weak signal output. Then, to implement
signal amplification effectively, we designed a ternary nanohybrid
material containing graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, gold nanoparticles
(Au NPs), and hyperbranched polyethylenimine (PEI) to form rGO/PEI/Au
nanohybrids via chemical bonding. After addition of a trace amount
of Cr6+, rGO/PEI/Au nanohybrids can effectively catalyze
TMB–H2O2 in ultrapure water; thus, a
visual chemosensor and electronic spectrum quantitative analysis method
for Cr6+ based on chromium-stimulated peroxidase mimetic
activity of rGO/PEI/Au nanohybrids were established. The visual chemosensor
exhibits excellent selectivity and interference immunity against 34
other interfering substances with a detection limit as low as 2.14
nM. The visual chemosensor for Cr6+ with a low detection
limit and high selectivity is expected to have a potential application
in environmental analysis, monitoring, and human health maintenance.
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