Redescription of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) antunesi Galvão & Amaral and description of a new species of the Myzorhynchella Section (Diptera: Culicidae) from Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil

Abstract

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) pristinus Nagaki & Sallum, n. sp. of the Myzorhynchella Section is described based on morphological characters of adult females, males, fourth-instar larvae, pupae and male genitalia. Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) antunesi Galvão & Amaral is characterized to fix its identity and distinguish it from An. pristinus. The eggs of An. antunesi are described for the first time. Molecular characterization employing sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene and the ITS2 region of ribosomal DNA are provided for each species. An. antunesi and An. pristinus are compared with morphologically similar species of the Myzorhynchella Section. The results of the present study suggest that the new species has been misidentified as both An. antunesi and Anopheles lutzii Cruz. An. antunesi and An. pristinus are sympatric, occurring at high altitudes in Serra da Mantiqueira, Southeastern Brazil

Molecular phylogeny of the Myzorhynchella Section of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) (Diptera: Culicidae): genetic support for recently described and resurrected species

“…antunesi and An. pristinus, based on the pattern of pale and dark wing spots, male genitalia and fourth-instar larva (Nagaki et al 2010). Our analyses support this finding by resolving An.…”

“…These individuals may then be more accurately identified, as a particular form or species, prior to additional phylogenetic analysis. In addition, the findings of Nagaki et al (2010Nagaki et al ( , 2011 and the current study underlines the need for a reevaluation of the geographic distribution of the species of the Myzorhynchella Section in general. The principal questions raised from this study, therefore, are whether published records of An.…”

Redescription of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) Lutzii, and Resurrection of Anopheles guarani from Synonymy with An. lutzii (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…The last-mentioned section includes Þve valid species: Anopheles antunesi Galvão & Amaral, Anopheles lutzii Cruz, Anopheles nigritarsis (Chagas), Anopheles parvus (Chagas), and Anopheles pristinus Nagaki & Sallum (Nagaki et al 2010). An.…”

“…lutzii was described by Cruz (1901) and currently possess two synonymous: Anopheles guarani Shannon and Anopheles niger Theobald. Myzorhynchella species identiÞcation is mainly based on the patterning of dark and pale scales on the R 4ϩ5 vein of adult females. This character is, however, polymorphic according to Galvão (1941) and Nagaki et al (2010). In contrast to the patterning of dark and pale scales on the R 4ϩ5 vein, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been successfully applied for speciÞc identiÞcation of eggs in this group.…”

“…It is noteworthy that Forattini et al (1998) observed differences in the external morphology of the eggs and hypothesized that they suggested the presence of two distinct species. Furthermore, Nagaki et al (2010) reported differences between the eggs of An. antunesi and An.…”