Redescription and first molecular characterization of the little known feline neurotropic nematode Gurltia paralysans (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea)

Muñoz, Pamela; Hirzmann, Jörg; Rodríguez, Elsa; Moroni, Manuel; Taubert, Anja; Gibbons, Lynda M.; Hermosilla, Carlos; Gómez, Marcelo

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.10.001

Cited by 15 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…in Spain (Jefferies et al, 2010). The morphological and morphometric characteristics of the parasite analyzed in this study are similar to those described for G. paralysans (Muñoz et al, 2017) and molecular analyses confirmed this identity. Gurltia paralysans, first reported in the 1930s (Moroni et al, 2012), is considered a neglected feline neurological parasitosis (Muñoz et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The morphological and morphometric characteristics of the parasite analyzed in this study are similar to those described for G. paralysans (Muñoz et al, 2017) and molecular analyses confirmed this identity. Gurltia paralysans, first reported in the 1930s (Moroni et al, 2012), is considered a neglected feline neurological parasitosis (Muñoz et al, 2017). It is a neurotropic metastrongylid nematode of domestic cats that is mainly found in the veins of the spinal cord subarachnoid space and parenchyma (Bowman et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Both ends were cleared in lactophenol solution for morphological study, data of the spicules length of Oslerus rostratus (almost 100 μm), Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (∼200 μm or less), Troglostrongylus spp. (∼600 μm) (Brianti et al, 2014) and Gurltia paralysans (650-816 μm) (Muñoz et al, 2017) were used for the morphological identification. The middle part of the nematode was used for molecular analysis.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First ocular report of Gurltia paralysans (Wolffhügel, 1933) in cat

Udiz-Rodríguez¹,

García-Livia

Valladares-Salmerón³

et al. 2018

Veterinary Parasitology

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A two-year-old cat from Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain), presented with two months history of uveitis in the left eye. It had been treated for two months but still showed an active uveitis. After new treatment, eye examination showed a mobile worm in the anterior chamber. Following surgical removal, the worm was obtained. Morphological study revealed that it was a male metastrongyloid nematode (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) with caudal bursa and two similar spicules. Molecular tools based on the 18Sr RNA gene sequence identified the parasite as Gurltia paralysans, which is a neurotropic nematode previously found in South America. Therefore, this article describes the first report of ophthalmic case of parasitism by G. paralysans, and cites for first time this species out of South America.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First ocular report of Gurltia paralysans (Wolffhügel, 1933) in cat

Udiz-Rodríguez¹,

García-Livia

Valladares-Salmerón³

et al. 2018

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…What we can state unequivocally is that no adult parasites were present in bronchi or bronchioles, a common finding in A. abstrusus infection. Therefore, to ascertain a possible role of G. paralysans in the lung pathology, the paraffin embedded tissues were subjected to nested PCR (Muñoz et al, 2017). Unfortunately, however, the samples did not amplify due to DNA and rRNA degradation, possibly because of prolonged formalin fixation, paraffin embedding time and conservation, processing temperature or PCR inhibitors in the samples (Merkelbach et al, 1997;Macabeo-Ong et al, 2002;Malik et al, 2013;Rodriguez et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

First case report of nematode parasitic myelopathy in a wild feline in Brazil

Dazzi

Santos

Machado

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Parasitic myelopathy caused by Gurltia paralysans in domestic cats is a disease commonly reported in several South American countries. The adult parasite is lodged in the meningeal veins and spinal cord, often causing clinical manifestations of vascular proliferation, thrombophlebitis, and medullary compression. Wild felines are believed to be the definitive hosts of this parasite. The infection occurs through the ingestion of paratenic hosts, but the life cycle of G. paralysans is not yet clearly understood. In this paper, we discuss a case of parasitic myelopathy in a margay (Leopardus wiedii) that died during post-surgical care. Necropsy revealed focal hemorrhages in the thoracolumbar spinal cord. A microscopic examination revealed adult nematodes and eggs inside the veins of subarachnoid space in spinal cord, suggesting G. paralysans infection. This is first description of parasitic myelopathy in a margay in Brazil.

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“…For the rDNA region we used combinations of the forward primers N18SF1, NF1 and NC1 and the reverse primers D3B, NC2 and NC5BR [ 44 – 49 ]. For the cox 1 sequence we used the primers MetCOI-F1 and JB4.5 [ 50 – 52 ]. PCR was performed with HOT FIREPol® Blend Master Mix (Solis BioDyne, Tartu, Estonia), 200 nM final concentration of forward and reverse primers each and 100 ng of nematode DNA in a 50 μl reaction volume.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of genus Perostrongylus Schlegel, 1934 with new data on Perostrongylus falciformis (Schlegel, 1933) in European badgers, Meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758): distribution, life-cycle and pathology

et al. 2018

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BackgroundA century of debates on the taxonomy of members of the Metastrongyloidea Molin, 1861 led to many reclassifications. Considering the inconstant genus assignation and lack of genetic data, the main aim of this study was to support the validity of the genus Perostrongylus Schlegel, 1934, previously considered a synonym of Aelurostrongylus Cameron, 1927, based on new molecular phylogenetic data and to understand its evolutionary relationships with other metastrongyloid nematodes.ResultsSpecimens of lungworm collected from European badgers in Germany, Romania and Bosnia and Herzegovina were morphologically and molecularly (rDNA, cox1) characterized. From a phylogenetic standpoint, Perostrongylus is grouped with high support together with the genera Filaroides van Beneden, 1858 and Parafilaroides Dougherty, 1946 and includes probably two species: Perostrongylus falciformis (Schlegel, 1933), a parasite of Meles meles in Europe and P. pridhami (Anderson, 1962), a parasite of Neovison vison in North America. Perostrongylus and Aelurostrongylus are assigned to different clades. Aelurostrongylus becomes a monotypic genus, with the only species Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet, 1898). In addition, we provide morphological and morphometric data for the first-stage (L1), second-stage (L2), and third-stage (L3) larvae of P. falciformis and describe their development in experimentally infected Cornu aspersum snails. The pathological and histopathological lesions in lungs of infected European badgers are also described. This is the first record of P. falciformis in Romania.ConclusionsMolecular phylogenetic and morphological data support the validity of the genus Perostrongylus, most probably with two species, P. falciformis in European badgers and P. pridhami in minks in North America. The two genera clearly belong to two different clades: Perostrongylus is grouped together with the genera Filaroides and Parafilaroides (both in the family Filaroididae Schulz, 1951), whereas Aelurostrongylus belongs to a clade with no sister groups.

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Redescription and first molecular characterization of the little known feline neurotropic nematode Gurltia paralysans (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea)

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

First ocular report of Gurltia paralysans (Wolffhügel, 1933) in cat

First ocular report of Gurltia paralysans (Wolffhügel, 1933) in cat

First case report of nematode parasitic myelopathy in a wild feline in Brazil

Validity of genus Perostrongylus Schlegel, 1934 with new data on Perostrongylus falciformis (Schlegel, 1933) in European badgers, Meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758): distribution, life-cycle and pathology

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