Redefining vitamin D insufficiency

Malabanan, Alan O.; Veronikis, IE; Holick, Michael F.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)78933-9

Cited by 989 publications

(663 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, prolonged high levels of PTH can impair intestinal Ca absorption and stimulates osteoclasts to dissolve the mineralized collagen matrix in bone, causing many bone diseases (15) . Holick and co-workers (12) (62) . In obese individuals with low vitamin D status, secondary hyperparathyroidism and elevated serum PTH levels are also evident (63)(64)(65) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on previous supplement methods (12,(45)(46)(47) , every participant of the two groups consumed an oral capsule containing 50 000 IU (1250 μg) of natural vitamin D 3 (catalogue no. 7184-01; Bio-Tech Pharmacal, Inc., Fayetteville, AR, USA) with a meal once weekly for 8 weeks, under the observation of project staff.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D; calcidiol), a metabolite of vitamin D having a half-life of 2-3 weeks, is recommended as a reliable marker of vitamin D nutritional status (7)(8)(9)(10) . The US Institute of Medicine (11) reports that a circulating 25(OH)D concentration equal to 50 nmol/l (20 ng/ml) meets the vitamin D requirements of 97·5 % of the population, and this threshold is widely accepted for hypovitaminosis D (10,(12)(13)(14) . Not satisfied with that basic requirement, many researchers claim that improvement of circulating 25(OH)D concentrations to much higher than 50 nmol/l can prevent a broad range of diseases (4,(15)(16)(17) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, 25(OH)D ≤25 nmol/l (10 ng/ml) is considered to be 'severe vitamin D deficiency', 75-250 nmol/l (30-100 ng/ml) a 'sufficient or optimal' level and 50-75 nmol/l (21-29 ng/ml) an 'insufficient' level (12,13,18) , although these reference ranges are not defined by the Institute of…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The US Institute of Medicine (11) reports that a circulating 25(OH)D concentration equal to 50 nmol/l (20 ng/ml) meets the vitamin D requirements of 97·5 % of the population, and this threshold is widely accepted for hypovitaminosis D (10,(12)(13)(14) . Not satisfied with that basic requirement, many researchers claim that improvement of circulating 25(OH)D concentrations to much higher than 50 nmol/l can prevent a broad range of diseases (4,(15)(16)(17) .In addition, 25(OH)D ≤25 nmol/l (10 ng/ml) is considered to be 'severe vitamin D deficiency', 75-250 nmol/l (30-100 ng/ml) a 'sufficient or optimal' level and 50-75 nmol/l (21-29 ng/ml) an 'insufficient' level (12,13,18) , although these reference ranges are not defined by the Institute of …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

Zhou

Zhu²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the vitamin D status, SNP of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on parathyroid hormone and insulin secretion in adult males with obesity or normal weight in a subtropical Chinese city. Design: An intervention trial. Setting: Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China. Subjects: From a cross-sectional survey conducted from June to July, eighty-two normal-weight and ninety-nine obese males (18-69 years) were screened to analyse their vitamin D status and for five SNP of VDR. From these individuals, in the same season of a different year, obese and normal-weight male volunteers (twenty-one per group) were included for an intervention trial with oral vitamin D supplementation at 1250 µg/week for 8 weeks.Results: For the survey, there was no significant difference (P > 0·05) in baseline circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations or in the percentages of participants in different categories of vitamin D status between the two groups. The VDR SNP, rs3782905, was significantly associated with obesity (P = 0·043), but none of the examined SNP were correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D when adjusted for age, BMI and study group. After vitamin D supplementation, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, hypersecretions of parathyroid hormone and insulin, and insulin resistance in the obese were changed beneficially (P < 0·05); however, the increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was less than that of the normal-weight men. Conclusions: For obese and normal-weight men of subtropical China, the summer baseline vitamin D status was similar. However, oral vitamin D supplementation revealed a decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obese men and ameliorated their hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance. KeywordsVitamin D Obesity Chinese male Parathyroid hormone Insulin resistanceIn China, approximately 12 % of adult males are considered to be obese (1,2) . Since vitamin D nutritional status may be important in regulating obesity (3)(4)(5)(6) , interest was aroused to study Chinese obese males in this regard. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D; calcidiol), a metabolite of vitamin D having a half-life of 2-3 weeks, is recommended as a reliable marker of vitamin D nutritional status (7)(8)(9)(10) . The US Institute of Medicine (11) reports that a circulating 25(OH)D concentration equal to 50 nmol/l (20 ng/ml) meets the vitamin D requirements of 97·5 % of the population, and this threshold is widely accepted for hypovitaminosis D (10,(12)(13)(14) . Not satisfied with that basic requirement, many researchers claim that improvement of circulating 25(OH)D concentrations to much higher than 50 nmol/l can prevent a broad range of diseases (4,(15)(16)(17) .In addition, 25(OH)D ≤25 nmol/l (10 ng/ml) is considered to be 'severe vitamin D deficiency', 75-250 nmol/l (30-100 ng/ml) a 'sufficient or optimal' level and 50-75 nmol/l (21-29 ng/ml) an 'insufficient' level (12,13,18) , although these reference ranges are not defined by the Inst...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cross-sectional Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

Zhou

Zhu²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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UV Protection and Vitamin D Deficiency in Transplant Recipients

Reichrath¹

2004

Arch Dermatol

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Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in the United States

Martins¹,

Wolf²,

Pan³

et al. 2007

Arch Intern Med

778

533

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Background: Results of several epidemiologic and clinical studies have suggested that there is an excess risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in persons with suboptimal intake of vitamin D. Methods: We examined the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and select cardiovascular disease risk factors in US adults. A secondary analysis was performed with data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a national probability survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics between January 1, 1988, and December 31, 1994, with oversampling of persons 60 years and older, non-Hispanic black individuals, and Mexican American individuals.Results: There were 7186 male and 7902 female adults 20 years and older with available data in the Third Na-tional Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The mean 25(OH)D level in the overall sample was 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L). The 25(OH)D levels were lower in women, elderly persons (Ն60 years), racial/ethnic minorities, and participants with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. The adjusted prevalence of hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 1.30), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.98), obesity (OR, 2.29), and high serum triglyceride levels (OR, 1.47) was significantly higher in the first than in the fourth quartile of serum 25(OH)D levels (PϽ.001 for all). Conclusions: Serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with important cardiovascular disease risk factors in US adults. Prospective studies to assess a direct benefit of cholecalciferol (vitamin D) supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors are warranted.

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Redefining vitamin D insufficiency

Cited by 989 publications

References 5 publications

Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

UV Protection and Vitamin D Deficiency in Transplant Recipients

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in the United States

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