Red emitting fluorescent carbon nanoparticles to track spatio-temporal dynamics of endocytic pathways in model neuroblastoma neurons

Abstract

One of the biggest challenges limiting the biological applications of fluorescent carbon-based nanoparticles is their capacity to emit in the red region of the spectrum and simultaneously maintaining the smaller...

Organelle imaging with carbon dots: strategies, challenges, and perspectives

“…6C). 119 They employed red fluorescent CDs synthesized through the reflux reaction of p -phenylenediamine with diphenyl ether, which possessed an aromatic ring of carbon and C–NH 2 groups. When incubated with SH-SY5Y-derived neuroblastoma neurons, the CDs were preferably taken up via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and targeted lysosomes in undifferentiated cells and differentiated cells at different stages.…”

“…152 The preparation of CDs with amphiphilicity, lipophilicity, or hydrophobicity enables their caveolae/lipid raft-mediated endocytosis and passive diffusion, which makes CDs target mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lipid drops. 11,47,49,56,60,114–119…”

“…152 The preparation of CDs with amphiphilicity, lipophilicity, or hydrophobicity enables their caveolae/ lipid raft-mediated endocytosis and passive diffusion, which makes CDs target mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lipid drops. 11,47,49,56,60,[114][115][116][117][118][119] The molecules on the cell membrane can be used to construct the surface chemistry of CDs. Nasrin reported the synthesis of folic acid fragment-decorated CDs, which were combined with a folate receptor and glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI) anchor to form a hybrid.…”

Secondary glaucoma: Toward interventions based on molecular underpinnings

“…Once internalized, the aberrant cargo is targeted to lysosomes for degradation and recycling. Impaired endocytosis has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson, AD, Huntington, and Creutzfeldt–Jakob diseases, all of which, like PEX, share protein aggregate accumulation in the extracellular space as a hallmark feature (Hivare et al, 2023; Ravikumar et al, 2008). Endocytosis and autophagy share pathways and have a common endpoint at the lysosome, where degradation occurs (Lamb et al, 2013).…”