Red Clover Isoflavones Influence Estradiol Concentration, Exercise Performance, and Gut Microbiota in Female Mice

Chen, Yiming; Wang, I‐Lin; Zhu, Xinyi; Chiu, Wan‐Chun; Chiu, Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.623698

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…A recent study reported an increase in the relative abundance of Pseudobutyribrio alongside increases in circulating estradiol and progesterone in female mice following red clover supplementation. ( Chen et al, 2021 ) This is consistent with the %RA of Pseudobutyrivibro being greater in adolescents taking OCP. To our knowledge, data on steroidogenic regulation of Pseudobutyrivibro are lacking in humans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Combined Oral Contraceptive Treatment Does Not Alter the Gut Microbiome but Affects Amino Acid Metabolism in Sera of Obese Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Tayachew

Brink²,

Garcia‐Reyes³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Background: The gut microbiome is altered in obese adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and is associated with free testosterone, metabolic markers, and insulin resistance. Combined oral contraceptives (OCP) are a primary treatment for PCOS and decrease testosterone, but the effect on the serum metabolome or gut microbiome in obese adolescents with PCOS is unknown.Objective: Contrast gut microbiome profiles, targeted serum metabolomics, hormone levels, and metabolic measures in adolescents with PCOS and obesity with and without OCP treatment.Methods: Adolescent girls with obesity and PCOS underwent stool and fasting blood collection and MRI for hepatic fat fraction. Fecal bacteria were profiled by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fasting serum metabolomics performed with high resolution mass spectrometry. Groups were contrasted using t-tests and principle least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). Associations between bacterial taxa, baseline metabolic measures, hormone levels and the metabolome were conducted using Spearman analysis. Analyses were adjusted for false discovery rate.Results: 29 adolescents with obesity [Untreated N = 21, 16 ± 1.2 years, BMI%ile 36.5 ± 3.0; OCP N = 8, 15.5 ± 0.9 years, BMI%ile 32.5 ± 3.9] participated. Of the untreated adolescents, N = 14 contributed serum for metabolomic analysis. Participants on OCP therapy had lower free testosterone and free androgen index (p < 0.001) and higher sex hormone binding globulin. There was no difference in measures of fasting glucose, insulin, lipids or HOMA-IR between groups. PLS-DA of serum metabolomics showed discrimination between the groups, secondary amino acid changes. Untreated and OCP had similar stool microbiome α-diversity based on evenness (p = 0.28), richness (p = 0.39), and Shannon diversity (p = 0.24) and global microbial composition (β-diversity, p = 0.56). There were no differences in % relative abundance at any level. Bacterial α-diversity was negatively associated with serum long chain fatty acids and branched chain amino acids. A higher %relative abundance of family Ruminococcaceae was significantly associated with serum bile acids and HOMA-IR.Conclusion: Despite hormone and serum amino acid differences, girls treated with OCP had similar metabolic and gut microbiome profiles compared to the untreated PCOS group. The association between bacterial α-diversity, Ruminococcaceae, clinical markers and long chain fatty acids suggests a potential role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of the metabolic comorbidities in PCOS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Combined Oral Contraceptive Treatment Does Not Alter the Gut Microbiome but Affects Amino Acid Metabolism in Sera of Obese Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Tayachew

Brink²,

Garcia‐Reyes³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…Os constituintes principais de T. pratense (trevo vermelho) são as isoflavonas que são moduladores seletivos de receptores de estrogênio. Isto significa que as isoflavonas podem agir como agonistas ou antagonistas dos receptores estrogênicos (Chen et al, 2021). Os autores empregaram, ainda neste estudo, o produto com black cohosh que se trata da espécie Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt., pertencente à família Ranuculaceae, nativa da metade oriental dos Estados Unidos e Canadá.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…O S-equol é produzido pela ação do microbioma intestinal das mulheres e estudos demonstram que 50% das asiáticas e somente 20% das mulheres ocidentais caucasianas apresentam na flora do intestino, bactérias que transformam a daidzeina em S-equol. Essa transformação encontra-se demonstrada na Figura 2 (Chen;Ko;Chen, 2019). Utain e col (2015) realizaram um estudo de revisão sobre o potencial do S-equol para o alívio de sintomas no período menopausa.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Trifolium pratense L.: uma alternativa para o tratamento de sintomas vasoativos em mulheres pré e pós-menopausa

Maniçoba

Leitão²,

Moraes³

et al. 2022

RSD

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As mulheres durante as fases pré e pós-menopausa apresentam carência de estrogênio, o que acarreta diversos sintomas, destacando os vasomotores, principalmente os fogachos. Existem diversos tratamentos de reposição hormonal para o controle dessas manifestações clínicas, dentre eles, terapias com a espécie medicinal Trifolium pratense L., conhecida popularmente como trevo-vermelho ou Red clover. No Brasil, existem fitoterápicos desta espécie registrados na Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, e descritos no Memento terapêutico e no Formulário de Fitoterápicos como um coadjuvante terapêutico no tratamento do climatério. Este trabalho é uma revisão integrativa e narrativa de estudos clínicos randomizados com T. pratense no controle dos fogachos em mulheres nos períodos de pré e pós-menopausa. A pesquisa de literatura foi realizada nas bases: Cochrane, CINHAL, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO e Web of Science empregando os descritores: “Trifolium pratense”, “clinical trial” e “hot flashes”. Foram analisados 7 artigos; em 3 (três) estudos, houve diferença significante na redução dos episódios de fogachos quando comparados com os grupos placebo, no entanto estes apresentavam problemas metodológicos, como falta de padronização dos fitoterápicos e tamanho amostral inadequado. Estudos demonstram a necessidade de uma microbiota intestinal especifica para transformação das isoflavonas na sua forma ativa S-equol. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que produtos de Trifolium pratense podem ser alternativas no controle dos fogachos principalmente para pacientes que possuem restrição ao uso de estrogênio, com a ressalva de avaliar se a paciente apresenta bactérias produtoras de S-equol, sendo necessários estudos clínicos randomizados para validação dessa espécie vegetal no controle desse sintoma vasoativo.

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“…Mice showed a significant decrease in total body fat mass and an increase in exhaustive swimming time, grip strength, and muscle glycogen (Chen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Ethnopharmacological and Traditional Uses Of T Pratensementioning

confidence: 96%

“…These findings were strongly supported by evaluating the efficacy of feeding female ICR mice with red clover isoflavones supplementation for 6 weeks. Mice showed a significant decrease in total body fat mass and an increase in exhaustive swimming time, grip strength, and muscle glycogen (Chen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Red Clover (T Pratense)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms underlying the potential neuroprotective effects of Trifolium pratense and its phytoestrogen‐isoflavones in neurodegenerative disorders

Al‐Shami

Essawy

Elkader

2023

Phytotherapy Research

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Neurodegenerative disorders are heterogeneous, debilitating, and incurable groups of brain disorders that have common features including progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the nervous system. Phytoestogenic‐isoflavones have been identified as active compounds that can modulate different molecular signaling pathways related to the nervous system. The main aim is to shed the light on the molecular mechanisms followed by phytoestrogen‐isoflavones profound in the Trifolium pratense and discuss the latest pharmacological findings in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Data were collected using different databases. The search terms used included “Phytoestrogens,” “Isoflavones,” “neurodegenerative disorders,” “Neuronal plasticity,” etc., and combinations of these keywords. As a result, this review article mainly demonstrates the potential neuroprotective properties of phystoestrogen‐isoflavones present in the Trifolium pratense (Red clover), particularly in neurodegenerative disorders. Phytochemical studies have shown that Trifolium pratense mainly includes more than 30 isoflavone compounds. Among them, phytoestrogen‐isoflavones, such as biochanin A, daidzein, formononetin, genistein (Gen), etc.,are characterized by potent neuroprotective properties against different neurodegenerative disorders. There are preclinical and clinical scientific evidence on their mechanisms of action involve molecular interaction with estrogenic receptors, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative, antiapoptotic, autophagic inducing, and so on. phytoestrogen‐isoflavones are the major bioactive components in the Trifolium pratense that exhibit therapeutic efficacy in the case of neurodegenerative disorders. This review provides detailed molecular mechanisms targeted by phytoestrogen‐isoflavones and experimental key findings for the clinical use of prescriptions containing Trifolium pratense‐derived isoflavones for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

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Red Clover Isoflavones Influence Estradiol Concentration, Exercise Performance, and Gut Microbiota in Female Mice

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Combined Oral Contraceptive Treatment Does Not Alter the Gut Microbiome but Affects Amino Acid Metabolism in Sera of Obese Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Combined Oral Contraceptive Treatment Does Not Alter the Gut Microbiome but Affects Amino Acid Metabolism in Sera of Obese Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Trifolium pratense L.: uma alternativa para o tratamento de sintomas vasoativos em mulheres pré e pós-menopausa

Molecular mechanisms underlying the potential neuroprotective effects of Trifolium pratense and its phytoestrogen‐isoflavones in neurodegenerative disorders

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