Red blood cell insulin receptors in health and disease

Gambhir, Kanwal K.; Agarwal, Veena R.

doi:10.1016/0885-4505(91)90015-d

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…It is easy to obtain red cells. The activity of erythrocyte insulin receptors is consistent with general changes in the body's insulin target cells (19,20). The present study showed that patients with hypertension demonstrate down-regulation of low-affinity insulin receptors; this finding is consistent with previous (13,14).…”

Section: Multiple Regression Analysissupporting

confidence: 53%

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Correlative Factors of Insulin Resistance in Essential Hypertension.

Tian

Chongmin

et al. 2000

Hypertens Res

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Essential Hypertension (EH) is correlated with a metabolic disturbance characterized by insulin resistance (IR). In this study, there were observed in 47 subjects with EH and 30 subjects with normal blood pressure. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), serum levels of growth hormone (GH), the activity of erythrocyte insulin receptors (EIR), and ATP levels in erythrocytes, the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was used to study the correlative factors of essential hypertension. 1. Among patients with EH, ISI, GH, and low-affinity insulin binding sites of EIRs (RT2) were found to be in significantly lower amounts, IGF-1 levels and the KD2 of the erythrocyte insulin receptors were noted to be significantly higher. Compared with the control group, there was a marked difference between EH group and the control group. However, no statistical difference was observed between the hypertensive group and the group with normal blood pressure as regards erythrocyte ATP levels, high-affinity insulin binding sites of EIRs (RT1), and the KD1 of EIRs. 2. In the hypertensive group, the ISI was negatively correlated with mean arterial blood pressure (MBP), a family history of hypertension, the body mass index (BMI), the waist-hip ratio (WHR) and IGF-1 levels (r= °0.614°, -0.354**, -0.386**, --0.472**, -0.298*, °p< 0.001, **p< 0.01, *p< 0.05), were positively correlated with RT2 and GH levels (r= 0.301 **, 0.275*, **p< 0.01, *p< 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between ISI and age, sex, smoking history, drinking, RT1, KD1, and ATP levels in erythrocytes. 3. The ISI was used as the dependent variable in multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. MBP (X1), a family history of EH (X2), WHR (X3), GH (X4), IGF-1 (X5), RT2 (Xs), and the body mass index (X,) was used as independent variables. X1, X2, X3, X5, X6, and X, were used in the equations. The results indicate that patients with EH also tend to have IR. We suggest that MBP, a family history of hypertension, BMI, WHR, IGF-1, and RT2 might be independent factors affecting IR in cases of essential hypertension. (Hypertens Res 2000; 23: 265-270)

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Section: Multiple Regression Analysissupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The latter receptor are more numerous and more stable than the former. In addition, low-affinity receptors more accurately reflect the activity of insulin receptors (19). It is easy to obtain red cells.…”

Section: Multiple Regression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative Factors of Insulin Resistance in Essential Hypertension.

Tian

Chongmin

et al. 2000

Hypertens Res

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“…Similarly to liver and fat cells, erythrocytes have high- and low-affinity insulin receptors and contain α-subunits for binding, and β-subunits, i.e. tyrosine kinase, that display sulfhydryl groups for enzymatic activity (37). Increased levels of circulating insulin can cause downregulation of its receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic stress-like condition can be induced by prolonged strenuous exercise in athletes

Branth¹,

Hambræus²,

Piehl-Aulin³

et al. 2009

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

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Few studies have examined energy metabolism during prolonged, strenuous exercise. We wanted therefore to investigate energy metabolic consequences of a prolonged period of continuous strenuous work with very high energy expenditure. Twelve endurance-trained athletes (6 males and 6 females) were recruited. They performed a 7-h bike race on high work-load intensity. Physiological, biochemical, endocrinological, and anthropometric muscular compartment variables were monitored before, during, and after the race. The energy expenditure was high, being 5557 kcal. Work-load intensity (% of VO2 peak) was higher in females (77.7%) than in men (69.9%). Muscular glycogen utilization was pronounced, especially in type I fibres (>90%). Additionally, muscular triglyceride lipolysis was considerably accelerated. Plasma glucose levels were increased concomitantly with an unchanged serum insulin concentration which might reflect an insulin resistance state in addition to proteolytic glyconeogenesis. Increased reactive oxygen species (malondialdehyde (MDA)) were additional signs of metabolic stress. MDA levels correlated with glycogen utilization rate. A relative deficiency of energy substrate on a cellular level was indicated by increased intracellular water of the leg muscle concomitantly with increased extracellular levels of the osmoregulatory amino acid taurine. A kindred nature of a presumed insulin-resistant state with less intracellular availability of glucose for erythrocytes was also indicated by the findings of decreased MCV together with increased MCHC (haemoconcentration) after the race. This strenuous energy-demanding work created a metabolic stress-like condition including signs of insulin resistance and deteriorated intracellular glucose availability leading to compromised fuelling of ion pumps, culminating in a disturbed cellular osmoregulation indicated by taurine efflux and cellular swelling.

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“…Nelson and coworkers" also described binding of labeled insulin to erythrocytes but claimed it to be nonspecific as it was not displaced by excess insulin, Erythrocytes have been shown to contain IR in adults. 22 Owing to their low affinity binding component for insulin in addition to the high affinity site, 23 Nelson and colleagues," using concentrations of excess insulin suitable for the displacement of 125I-insulin from other cells, might have been unable to displace it from maternal erythrocytes in the placental preparation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%