Recycling of Malaysia’s electric arc furnace (EAF) slag waste into heavy-duty green ceramic tile

Teo, Pao Ter; Anasyida, Abu Seman; Basu, Projjal; Sharif, Nurulakmal Mohd

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.08.015

Cited by 59 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Typically, each parameter was selected based on the higher significant level which was appointed in previous findings. Recently, different type of POFA which are UGPOFA, GPOFA, TPOFA, and UPOFA produce different ranges of response for each respective application [12,[30][31][32].Meanwhile, the selection of POFA composition was based on multiple ranges of response were presented by various material composition parameters [33][34][35]. The forming process also influences technical properties as reported by previous studies [36][37][38].…”

Section: Design Of Experiments and Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Properties Optimization of Triaxial CeramicPalm Oil Fuel Ash by Employing Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis

Zainudin

Kiong

Ong

et al. 2019

IJIE

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The combustion of massive palm oil wastes has led to the production of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA), especially in Malaysia. In this paper, POFA was applied in a triaxial ceramic application as a secondary filler material. Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis (TGRA) was used to distinguish new parameters efficiently. The parameters investigated were the type of POFA, composition of POFA, molding pressure, sintering temperature, and soaking time. Meanwhile, the responses analyzed included shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity, bulk density, and flexural strength. The experimental design was applied based on the Taguchi L18 orthogonal array after considering five parameters with 2-3 mixed levels. Statistically, sintering temperature was appointed as the most significant parameter for all responses investigated. The TGRA had suggested that the highest performances were obtained at this condition: 15 wt.% of unground POFA, pressed at 2 t, sintered at 1200 °C, and soaked for 300 min. The achievement of responses with optimal parameters were validated by the crystalline phase and morphology analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively.

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Section: Design Of Experiments and Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Properties Optimization of Triaxial CeramicPalm Oil Fuel Ash by Employing Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis

Zainudin

Kiong

Ong

et al. 2019

IJIE

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“…Furthermore, it was observed that electric arc furnace (EAF) slag can be used as an inexpensive absorbing agent [5]. Results [6] showed that the properties of ceramic tile produced with added EAF slag (especially its flexural strength), is slightly higher than those of commercial ceramic tile. Overall, EAF slag-enhanced ceramic tile has great potential in the manufacture of high flexural strength or heavy-duty green floor tile, as it is environmental friendly and safe for human health.…”

Section: Slag From Electric Arc Furnacementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Slags from Foundry Process

Pribulová

Futáš

Bartošová

et al. 2017

jcme

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The melting of steel or cast iron is one step of the foundry process. The foundry industry uses different types of furnaces, and metallurgical slags are products of the pyrometallurgical processes defecting in these furnaces. Furnace slag is a non-metallic by-product that consists primarily of silicates, alumina silicates, and calcium-alumina-silicates. As a by-product of the melting process, furnace slags vary considerably in form depending on the melted metal furnace types, and slag cooling method used. Most quantity of slags from the foundry processes are created in a cupola furnace that is used for cast iron production. An electric arc furnace is usually used for steel production, but it can be used for cast iron production as well. Universal use features an electric induction furnace. Slags from the melting processes in a foundry can be in the form of gravel, or the slag from a cupola furnace can be granulated. The utilization of slags from foundry processes is very delimited in Slovakia because of their quantity. This article deals with the possibility of using foundry slag as a binder in civil engineering. A basic property of a binder in civil engineering is its hydraulicity, which can be given by compression strength. Four metallurgical slags were tested. The values of the compressive strength of the slags were low, but addition cement to the slags resulted in a strong increase in the value of the compressive strength.

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“…It has been reported that the addition of up to 15% EAFD in the ceramic clay body leads to the production of ceramic specimens with good physical and mechanical properties while the leachability of EAFD lies within acceptable limits [6]. Moreover, clay mixtures with up to 5% EAFD could be effectively used for the production of bricks and roof tiles [7]. On the other hand, coal fly ash (FA) is a fine powder obtained by the electrostatic precipitation of dust-like particles from the flue gases of lignite-fed boilers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Sintering of Lignite Fly Ash and Steelmaking Residues towards Sustainable Compacted Ceramics

Karayannis

Baklavaridis

Katsika

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The development of value-added ceramic materials deriving only from industrial by-products is particularly interesting from technological, economic, and environmental point of views. In this work, the synergistic sintering of ternary and binary mixtures of fly ash, steelmaking electric arc furnace dust, and ladle furnace slag for the synthesis of compacted ceramics is reported. The sintered specimens' microstructure and mineralogical composition were characterized by SEM-EDS and XRD, respectively. Moreover, the shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption, and Vickers microhardness (HV) were investigated at different sintering temperatures and raw material compositions. The characterization of the sintered compacts revealed the successful consolidation of the ceramic microstructures. According to the experimental findings, the ceramics obtained from fly ash/steel dust mixtures exhibited enhanced properties compared to the other mixtures tested. Moreover, the processing temperature affected the final properties of the produced ceramics. Specifically, a 407% HV increase for EAFD and a 2221% increase for the FA-EAFD mixture were recorded, by increasing the sintering temperature from 1050 to 1150 ∘ C. Likewise, a 972% shrinkage increase for EAFD and a 577% shrinkage increase for the FA-EAFD mixture were recorded, by increasing the sintering temperature from 1050 to 1150 ∘ C. The research results aim at shedding more light on the development of sustainable sintered ceramics from secondary industrial resources towards circular economy.

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Recycling of Malaysia’s electric arc furnace (EAF) slag waste into heavy-duty green ceramic tile

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

Performance Properties Optimization of Triaxial CeramicPalm Oil Fuel Ash by Employing Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis

Performance Properties Optimization of Triaxial CeramicPalm Oil Fuel Ash by Employing Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis

Utilization of Slags from Foundry Process

Synergistic Sintering of Lignite Fly Ash and Steelmaking Residues towards Sustainable Compacted Ceramics

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