Recurrence of spontaneous versus medically indicated preterm birth

9: First-trimester prediction of preterm birth using ADAM12, PAPP-A, uterine artery Doppler and maternal characteristics

“…Findings from this subanalysis suggest that the associations we observed are not primarily driven by the already well-established association between first-trimester markers of placental dysfunction and these disorders. 19,25 These findings also substantiate prior research indicating that both spontaneous and indicated PTB may share some of the same underlying pathophysiologic pathways.. 26,27 Our results are consistent with previous studies demonstrating low levels of PAPP-A in patients who deliver preterm; however, results from our study differ from those of other studies which have evaluated the association of ADAM12 and first-trimester uterine artery Doppler with PTB. 15,16,20 A 2011 case control study by Beta et al demonstrated no difference in ADAM12 levels or uterine artery Doppler indices in patients who delivered preterm.…”

Fatores associados ao nascimento pré-termo em Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil: um estudo caso-controle

“…O parto anterior pré-termo tem sido utilizado como preditor clínico para risco de recorrência de parto prematuro, tanto espontâneo como indicado. O risco aumenta diretamente com o número de pré-termos prévios e é muito mais alto para recorrências após parto prematuro indicado 1,25 . No estudo de Londrina, a análise dos fatores de risco não foi realizada por subtipo de pré-termo, entretanto, foram observados 41% de partos prematuros indicados entre os casos 16 .…”

The preterm parturition syndrome and its implications for understanding the biology, risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of preterm birth

“…This distinction between spontaneous and indicated preterm birth is based upon the clinical circumstances which determine preterm delivery, namely, the presence of spontaneous labour. It is important to note that this classification does not take into account the cause of the ''spontaneous'' or ''indicated preterm birth'', and indeed, there may be an overlap between the two [9,11].…”