Rectal Microbiota Associated With Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in Men Having Sex With Other Men

Ceccarani, Camilla; Marangoni, Antonella; Camboni, Tania; Laghi, Luca; Gaspari, Valeria; D’Antuono, Antonietta; Foschi, Claudio; Re, Maria Carla; Consolandi, Clarissa

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00358

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Anal samples were mainly characterized by the presence of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota, being Prevotella one of the most represented genus. This taxonomic composition is similar to previously described bacterial communities of the ano-rectal mucosa in subjects reporting unsafe anal intercourse [25,26]. Recent studies revealed that the microbiota in stools and anal swabs was similar and that differences between swab and stool samples within the same subject were significantly lower than those from samples between subjects [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In a previous paper focused on 'men having sex with men', we found similar microbial shifts in ano-rectal bacterial composition during sexually transmitted infections due to CT or N. gonorrhoeae. Indeed, infected patients were characterized by a depletion of Escherichia species, associated with an increase in anaerobic genera, including Peptoniphilus, Peptostreptococcus, and Parvimonas [26]. Even though the reasons behind these microbial changes are still unknown, we can make several hypotheses: (i) Chlamydia could elicit an inflammatory response (i.e., recruitment of natural killer cells and neutrophils with the production of cytokines and metalloproteinases) [33], able to alter the equilibrium of the bacterial communities of the anal microbiota, with the depletion of or increase in some species; (ii) the oxygen consumption by CT-infected cells or by the recruited leukocytes could favor the proliferation of strict anaerobes; (iii) Chlamydia can modify specific metabolic pathways for its nutritional requirement, leading to the preferential proliferation of selected microbial species in the anal microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vaginal and Anal Microbiome during Chlamydia trachomatis Infections

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the agent of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide, with a significant impact on women’s health. Despite the increasing number of studies about the vaginal microbiome in women with CT infections, information about the composition of the anal microbiome is still lacking. Here, we assessed the bacterial community profiles of vaginal and anal ecosystems associated or not with CT infection in a cohort of Caucasian young women. Methods. A total of 26 women, including 10 with a contemporary vaginal and ano-rectal CT infection, were enrolled. Composition of vaginal and anal microbiome was studied by 16S rRNA gene profiling. Co-occurrence networks of bacterial communities and metagenome metabolic functions were determined. Results. In case of CT infection, both vaginal and anal environments were characterized by a degree of dysbiosis. Indeed, the vaginal microbiome of CT-positive women were depleted in lactobacilli, with a significant increase in dysbiosis-associated bacteria (e.g., Sneathia, Parvimonas, Megasphaera), whereas the anal microbiota of CT-infected women was characterized by higher levels of Parvimonas and Pseudomonas and lower levels of Escherichia. Interestingly, the microbiome of anus and vagina had numerous bacterial taxa in common, reflecting a significant microbial ‘sharing’ between the two sites. In the vaginal environment, CT positively correlated with Ezakiella spp. while Gardnerella vaginalis co-occurred with several dysbiosis-related microbes, regardless of CT vaginal infection. The vaginal microbiome of CT-positive females exhibited a higher involvement of chorismate and aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, as well as an increase in mixed acid fermentation. Conclusions. These data could be useful to set up new diagnostic/prognostic tools, offering new perspectives for the control of chlamydial infections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal and Anal Microbiome during Chlamydia trachomatis Infections

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similar changes were recently noticed also in the rectal microbiome during N. gonorrhoeae infection: NG-positive individuals showed a more marked imbalance between aerobe and anaerobe genera, with lower levels of Escherichia species and higher relative abundance of Peptoniphilus, Peptostreptococcus and Parvimonas, compared to non-infected patients [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Hypervariable V3-V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from pharyngeal swab genomic DNA were amplified, starting from the remaining part of Versant PCR plate DNA eluate. This approach has been previously and successfully used for the analysis of human microbiome [12].…”

Section: Analysis Of the Pharyngeal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharyngeal microbiome alterations during Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pharyngeal gonorrhoea is a common sexually transmitted infection among 'men having sex with other men' (MSM). Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) pharyngeal infections are usually characterized by the absence of symptoms, acting as an important reservoir for their further spread. To the best of our knowledge, no information about the composition of the pharyngeal microbiome during an ongoing NG infection is currently available. Therefore, in this study, we characterized the pharyngeal bacterial community profiles associated with NG infection in a well-selected cohort of HIV-negative MSM reporting unsafe oral intercourse. A total of 70 pharyngeal swabs were considered, comparing non-infected subjects (n = 45) versus patients with pharyngeal gonorrhoea (n = 25) whose microbiota composition was analyzed from pharyngeal swabs through sequencing of hypervariable V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. The pharyngeal microbiome of all subjects was dominated by Prevotellaceae, Veillonellaceae and Streptococcaceae families. Patients with pharyngeal gonorrhoea harboured a pharyngeal microbiome quite similar to negative subjects. Nevertheless, when looking to less-represented bacterial species (relative abundance approximately 1% or less), an imbalance between aerobe and anaerobe microorganisms was observed in NGinfected patients. In particular, the pharyngeal microbiome of NG-positive individuals was richer in several anaerobes (e.g. Treponema, Parvimonas, Peptococcus, Catonella, Filifactor) and poorer in various aerobe genera (i.e. Pseudomonas, Escherichia), compared to non-infected controls. No significant differences were noticed in the distribution of commensal Neisseria species of the oropharynx between NG-positive and negative subjects. Metabolic variations induced by changes in the microbiome abundance were assessed by a functional prediction of the bacterial metabolic pathways: a more abundant involvement of D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, as well as a greater activation of the energy metabolism was observed in patients with pharyngeal gonorrhoea compared to non-infected individuals. Information about the bacterial composition of the pharyngeal microbiome in case of gonorrhoea could shed light on the pathogenesis of the infection and open new perspectives for the prevention and control of this condition.

show abstract

“…Rectal STIs Nowak et al [77] observed that enrichment in Fusobacterium in MSM rectal microbiota was positively associated with oncogenic anal HPV-16 and negatively associated with oncogenic anal HPV-35, and Serrano-Villar et al [66] correlated a few (non-Prevotella) taxa with the detection of precancerous anal lesions in MSM. Nowak et al [65] noted an increase in Prevotella in MSM positive for rectal gonorrhea, and Ceccarani et al [148] noted some differences in a number of (non-Prevotella) taxa associated with rectal gonorrhea and chlamydia infection. However, all of these data were cross-sectional and failed to control for exposures such as number of sexual partners.…”

Section: What Are the Possible Implications Of A Distinct Msm-associated Gut Microbiota For The Health Of This Population?mentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV, Sexual Orientation, and Gut Microbiome Interactions

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies have raised interest in the possibility that dysbiosis of the gut microbiome (i.e., the communities of bacteria residing in the intestine) in HIV-infected patients could contribute to chronic immune activation, and, thus, to elevated mortality and increased risk of inflammation-related clinical diseases (e.g., stroke, cardiovascular disease, cancer, long-bone fractures, and renal dysfunction) found even in those on effective antiretroviral therapy. Yet, to date, a consistent pattern of HIV-associated dysbiosis has not been identified. What is becoming clear, however, is that status as a man who has sex with men (MSM) may profoundly impact the structure of the gut microbiota, and that this factor likely confounded many HIVrelated intestinal microbiome studies. However, what factor associated with MSM status drives these gut microbiota-related changes is unclear, and what impact, if any, these changes may have on the health of MSM is unknown. In this review, we outline available data on changes in the structure of the gut microbiome in HIV, based on studies that controlled for MSM status. We then examine what is known regarding the gut microbiota in MSM, and consider possible implications for research and the health of this population. Lastly, we discuss knowledge gaps and needed future studies.

show abstract

Rectal Microbiota Associated With Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in Men Having Sex With Other Men

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Vaginal and Anal Microbiome during Chlamydia trachomatis Infections

Vaginal and Anal Microbiome during Chlamydia trachomatis Infections

Pharyngeal microbiome alterations during Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection

HIV, Sexual Orientation, and Gut Microbiome Interactions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About