Recovery of Co and Li from spent lithium-ion batteries by combination method of acid leaching and chemical precipitation

Zhu, Shuguang; He, Wenzhi; Li, Guang Ming; Zhang, Xu; Zhang, Xiaojun; Huang, Juwen

doi:10.1016/s1003-6326(11)61460-x

Cited by 222 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Such a result is similar to previous observations detailed in the literature [23,24], which have demonstrated that the presence of H2O2 in the leach solution only has a positive effect on metal recoveries up to a concentration of 2 vol %. Concentrations >2% (v/v) have a limited impact on the level of metal recovery due to the instability of H2O2, which tends to undergo enhanced levels of decomposition at higher concentrations, especially when subject to the elevated temperature used in these experiments [25].…”

Section: Leaching In Sulfuric Acid With Different Reducing Agentssupporting

confidence: 81%

Leaching of Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is becoming increasingly important due to the depletion of natural resources and potential pollution from the spent batteries. In this work, different types of acids (2 M citric (C 6 H 8 O 7 ), 1 M oxalic (C 2 H 2 O 4 ), 2 M sulfuric (H 2 SO 4 ), 4 M hydrochloric (HCl), and 1 M nitric (HNO 3 ) acid)) and reducing agents (hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) and ascorbic acid (C 6 H 8 O 6 )) were selected for investigating the recovery of valuable metals from waste LIBs. The crushed and sieved material contained on average 23% (w/w) cobalt, 3% (w/w) lithium, and 1-5% (w/w) nickel, copper, manganese, aluminum, and iron. Results indicated that mineral acids (4 M HCl and 2 M H 2 SO 4 with 1% (v/v) H 2 O 2 ) produced generally higher yields compared with organic acids, with a nearly complete dissolution of lithium, cobalt, and nickel at 25 • C with a slurry density of 5% (w/v). Further leaching experiments carried out with H 2 SO 4 media and different reducing agents with a slurry density of 10% (w/v) show that nearly all of the cobalt and lithium can be leached out in sulfuric acid (2 M) when using C 6 H 8 O 6 as a reducing agent (10% g/g scraps ) at 80 • C.

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Section: Leaching In Sulfuric Acid With Different Reducing Agentssupporting

confidence: 81%

Leaching of Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2017

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“…In many of the proposed hydrometallurgical recycling processes, the active cathode materials are separated from the cathode current collectors by dissolving the Al foils with NaOH, and the binder, Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF), is removed with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) (Weng et al, 2013;Li et al, 2010). The obtained active cathode materials are then leached by either HCl (Wang et al, 2009;Joulie et al, 2014;Li et al, 2009a), HNO 3 (Ferreira et al, 2009), H 2 SO 4 (Zhu et al, 2012;Shin et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2011) or their mixtures (Bok et al, 2004). The valuable metals are separated from the Al in the leaching liquid by solvent extraction with extractants such as D2EHPA, PC-88A, Cyanex 272 and Acorga M5640 (Zhao et al, 2011;Granata et al, 2012;Pranolo et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 1998), followed by ion exchange (Li et al, 2009b) and electrochemical (Freitas and Garcia, 2007) or chemical precipitation processes (Li et al, 2009c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal treatment process for the recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries

et al. 2016

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“…Copper precipitation (>98.5%) with NaOH was followed by solvent extraction to recover Co(II) while removing 97% Ni and Li (Zhu et al, 2012 were also produced by a combination of acid leaching, SX and precipitation from spent mobile phone batteries (Jian et al, 2012). From the leach solution of the used batteries, Co(OH) 2 was precipitated and was converted to Co 3 O 4 by heating (Yamaji et al, 2011) as per reactions (23-24).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%