Recovery Cycle of the Acoustically Evoked Potential

Abstract

ACKNOWLEDGMENTm ore t h a n g e n e r o u s a s s i s t a n c e i n d e s i g n i n g a n d m a i n t a i n i n g t h e i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n u t i l i z e d i n t h i s s t u d y a n d f o r h i s t o l e r a n c e o f t h e w r i t e r o n nu m ero u s o c c a s i o n s .A p p r e c i a t i o n i s e x p r e s s e d t o D r . R o b e r t D u n c a n , D e p a r tm e n t o f B i o s t a t i s t i c s a n d E p id e m io lo g y , S c h o o l o f H e a l t h , U n i v e r s i t y o f O k lah o m a, f o r h i s s e r v i c e s a s s t a t i s t i c a l c o n s u l t a n t . The w r i t e r c o n v e y s h i s a p p r e c i a t i o n t o h i s p a r e n t s a n d t o a l l t h o s e who w i s h e d h im s u c c e s s and p r o v i d e d e n c o u r a g e m e n t t h r o u g h o u t h i s a c a d e m ic e n d e a v o r s .S i n c e r e t h a n k s a r e a l s o e : q ? r e s s e d t o e a c h o f t h o s e who s e r v e d a s s u b j e c t s i n t h i s r e s e a r c h . T h i s w o rk w as s u p p o r t e d b y t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f O klahom a M e d ic a lC e n t e r N a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e s o f H e a l th g r a n t s NB 03 2 9 0 a n d 2 -K 3 -N B -2 2 , 5 37 a n d b y t h e V e t e r a n s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n H o s p i t a l , O k lah o m a C i t y , O k lah o m a.

Auditory evoked potentials reveal early perceptual effects of distal prosody on speech segmentation

“…This recovery time is called a refractory period. Sounds entering the auditory system during the refractory period elicit smaller responses than sounds entering after recovery (Bess and Ruhm, 1972; Coch, Skendzel, & Neville, 2005; Budd, Barry, Gordon, Rennie, & Michie, 1998). In the disyllabic condition, the auditory system’s response to the antepenultimate and penultimate syllables (e.g., /mɚ/ and /dɚ/, respectively) may be smaller as these syllables occur earlier in the refractory period of the first ambiguous syllable than they do in the monosyllabic condition.…”

Manipulations of listeners’ echo perception are reflected in event-related potentials

“…If ERPs elicited by test clicks on trials that do and do not include a buildup train are compared directly, echo perception will be confounded with recovery cycle effects. Sounds recently preceded by other similar sounds elicit smaller amplitude auditory evoked potentials (Bess and Ruhm, 1972;Erwin and Buchwald, 1986;Budd et al, 1998;Coch et al, 2005) such that buildup trains would result in both fewer trials on which listeners report hearing the lag sound as a separate source and more refractory ERPs. One solution to this problem is to include a train of clicks on every trial.…”

Temporal uncertainty and the“refractoriness” of the human vertex evoked potential

“…Three blocks of 64 trials were given, with the first block being for practice. Nearly complete EP recovery after an interval of 8 sec is generally found to be the case in the auditory modality (Bess & Ruhm, 1972, with tone pairs, fmd complete recovery after 6 sec), whereas at 3 sec both recovery function and fast habituation data indicate substantial refractoriness.…”

“…term) habituation (Fruhstorfer, Soveri, & Jarvilehto, 1970) oT temporal recovery (Davis, Mast, Yoshie, & Zerlin, 1966). Concerning the mechanism of the phenomenon, Bess and Ruhm (1972) and Wastell and Kleinman (1980) (using dichotic and dichoptic presentation, respectively) have shown a central rather than a peripheral level to be involved for both the auditory and visual modalities. In this paper, we report a program of short experiments designed to shed further light on the underlying basis of evoked-potential (EP) refractoriness.…”