Recovery behaviour of laminated cold bent glass – Numerical analysis and testing

Fildhuth, Thiemo; Pennetier, Sophie; Bindji-Odzili, F.; Knippers, Jan; Baldassini, Niccolò

doi:10.1201/b16499-21

Cited by 12 publications

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“…Dadurch entstehen große Netzschalen bei denen die Gläser eben eingebaut werden. Auf der einen Seite für Laminate, die im Herstellungswerk während des Laminationsverfahrens kaltverformt werden [11,12]. Das bedeutet in der Regel einen unwirtschaftlichen Einsatz von Material.…”

Section: Allgemeinesunclassified

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Bemessung von ein‐ und zweiachsig kaltgebogenen Schalenstrukturen aus Dünnglas

Nehring

Siebert

2019

ce papers

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Räumliche Tragstrukturen werden oft mit Hilfe von aneinandergereihten Stahl-Glas-Elementen inForm eines Netzes erstellt. Die installierten Gläser sind eben und weisen eine große Glasdicke auf. Heutzutage ist es möglich, ressourcensparende Materialien durch neue Fertigungstechniken zu verwenden, so z.B. dünnwandiges Verbundsicherheitsglas (tGlas ≈ 2 mm | tFolie = 0,76 mm | tGlas ≈ 2 mm), welches am Montageort auf formgebende Rahmenträgerelemente kaltgebogen und anschließend linienförmig gelagert wird. Dieses führt zu einer räumlichen Tragwirkung des einzelnen Tragelementes infolge äußerer Lasten. Die Verbundglas-Zwischenschicht wird dabei schubverzerrt. Resultierend stellt sich eine volle Verbundwirkung im kaltegebogenen dünnwandigen Laminat ein, die durch den zeit-und temperaturabhängigen Relaxationsschubmodul G (t, T) beeinflusst wird. Das Ziel gekrümmter Tragelemente ist es, eine maximale statische Beanspruchbarkeit ERd zu erreichen. Hierzu werden folgende Einflussparameter (z.B. Glasart, Schubverbund, Geometrie inklusive Abmessung und Glasdicke sowie Lagerungsbedingung) für den Kaltbiege-und Lastzustand mathematisch, numerisch und experimentell untersucht.Design of uniaxial and biaxial bent shell structures of thin glass. Spatial load bearing structures in the building sector are usually built with the help of aligned steel-glass elements in the form of a net. The installed glass elements are flat and have a large glass thickness, in order to achieve sufficient plate stiffness. This implied a less economical use of materials. Nowadays, due to new manufacturing techniques it is possible to use resource saving materials, e.g. thin-walled laminated safety glass (tglassply ≈ 2 mm | tinterlayer = 0.76 mm | tglassply ≈ 2 mm). Such glasses are cold bent onto shaping frame girder elements (uniaxial or biaxial curved) at the installation site with subsequent continuous supports. In general, this leads to a spatial load bearing capacity of the single element under pressure and suction loads. During the state of cold bending the viscoelastic interlayer is shear strained. As a result, a full shear coupling was determined due to cold bending, which is influenced by the time-and temperature dependent relaxation shear modulus G (t, T). The aim of curved single elements is to achieve maximum geometric stiffness more specifically maximum static resistance ERd. For this reason, the following influencing parameters (type of glass, shear coupling, geometry including glass span and glass thickness as well as support conditions) were mathematically, numerically and experimentally investigated. Schlagwörter: Bemessung, Dünnglas, Kaltbiegezustand, Lastzustand, maximale statische Beanspruchbarkeit Keywords: design, thin glass, state of cold bending, state of loading, maximum static resistance https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.1004 wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cepa

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Section: Allgemeinesunclassified

“…Infolge des Relaxierens der schubverzerrten Verbundschicht reduziert sich z.B. der Wert der Normalspannung σx,oo um ca 12. % nach 24-tägiger Einbauzeit bei Raumtemperatur von 20 °C auf ca.…”

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Bemessung von ein‐ und zweiachsig kaltgebogenen Schalenstrukturen aus Dünnglas

Nehring

Siebert

2019

ce papers

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“…This is followed by a bit for bit recovery due to relaxation of the interlayer. Experimental studies were examined in [8], [9]. On the other hand, thick-walled laminates can also cold bent onto shaping frame girder elements with uniaxial or double curvature.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design concept for cold bent shell structures made of thin glass

Nehring

Siebert

2018

ce papers

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Spatial load bearing structures in the building sector are usually built with the help of aligned steel‐glass elements in the form of a net. The installed glass elements are flat and have a large glass thickness, in order to achieve sufficient plate stiffness. This implied a less economical use of materials. Nowadays, due to new manufacturing techniques it is possible to use resource saving materials, e.g. thin‐walled laminated safety glass (ttotal ≤ 5.38 mm). For this purpose, the thin‐walled laminated safety glass consists of thin glasses (t < 3 mm) and interlayer materials. The thin‐walled laminated safety glass is cold bent onto shaping frame girder elements (uniaxial or double curved) at the installation site with subsequent continuous supports. In general, this leads to a spatial load bearing capacity of the single element under pressure and suction loads. The process of cold bending is easily feasible due to the lower resetting effect of the thin‐walled laminate. For this case, a state of cold bending is activated in the glazing. With additional loading perpendicular to their shell level a state of loading is generated. To this, the load‐bearing capacity depends on many parameters (time‐ and temperature‐dependent material behaviour, geometry and supporting conditions). The aim of curved single elements is to achieve maximum geometric stiffness more specifically maximum static resistance ERd. For this reason, the influencing parameters were mathematically, numerically and experimentally investigated and discussed plus transferred to a design method for two exemplary cold bent structures (uniaxial or double curved).

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“…The laminated safety glass was produced planar and these big glass panes were mounted at the building site into their demanded curved shape. (Fildhuth, 2014).…”

Section: Tgv Railway Station Strasbourgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A quasi-instantaneous, elastic spring back and a continuous long-term spring back, i.e. the decreasing relaxation of the laminate related to the viscoelastic interlayer properties including time and temperature (Fildhuth, 2014).…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications for curved glass in buildings

Neugebauer

2014

Journal of Facade Design and Engineering

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In the last years an increase of the number of building projects with built-in curved glass can be observed. The applications can principally be curved monolithic glass, laminated safety glass or insulated glass. This fact makes it absolute of interest to make more investigations in this field. The investigations can be focused on e.g. the process of the bending of the glass to bring it into a certain shape, or the very difficult topic of pre-stressing it. The state of the art of the production process of such glass shows some different ways to produce curved glass. The most used way is to bend the glass at a high temperature of more than 550 • Celsius. Another kind of curved glass can be achieved in combination with the laminating process. With the cooling down at the end of the laminating process the interlayer becomes stiff enough to hold the shape by activated shear forces between the glass layers. Another possibility is to produce flat glass and bend it while mounting the glass. The question how to pre-stress curved glass is on the very first beginning of investigations. All these different processes are on the first view very easy but very difficult in the detail.

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Recovery behaviour of laminated cold bent glass – Numerical analysis and testing

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Bemessung von ein‐ und zweiachsig kaltgebogenen Schalenstrukturen aus Dünnglas

Bemessung von ein‐ und zweiachsig kaltgebogenen Schalenstrukturen aus Dünnglas

Design concept for cold bent shell structures made of thin glass

Applications for curved glass in buildings

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