Recovering Microalgal Bioresources: A Review of Cell Disruption Methods and Extraction Technologies

Rahman, Md. Mijanur; Hosano, Nushin; Hosano, Hamid

doi:10.3390/molecules27092786

Cited by 47 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…In addition to the thraustochytrid strains, other microalgae species, such as Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp., Nannochloropsis sp. have also been studied for enhancing several bioproducts recovery from the cells, including lipids ( Rahman et al, 2022 ; Weber et al, 2022 ). For example, the cell wall composition of Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Fatty Acids As Single Cell Oils (Omega-3 Fas and Mufas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of sustainable downstream processing for nutritional oil production

Rollin,

Gupta,

Franco

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Nutritional oils (mainly omega-3 fatty acids) are receiving increased attention as critical supplementary compounds for the improvement and maintenance of human health and wellbeing. However, the predominant sources of these oils have historically shown numerous limitations relating to desirability and sustainability; hence the crucial focus is now on developing smarter, greener, and more environmentally favourable alternatives. This study was undertaken to consider and assess the numerous prevailing and emerging techniques implicated across the stages of fatty acid downstream processing. A structured and critical comparison of the major classes of disruption methodology (physical, chemical, thermal, and biological) is presented, with discussion and consideration of the viability of new extraction techniques. Owing to a greater desire for sustainable industrial practices, and a desperate need to make nutritional oils more available; great emphasis has been placed on the discovery and adoption of highly sought-after ‘green’ alternatives, which demonstrate improved efficiency and reduced toxicity compared to conventional practices. Based on these findings, this review also advocates new forays into application of novel nanomaterials in fatty acid separation to improve the sustainability of nutritional oil downstream processing. In summary, this review provides a detailed overview of the current and developing landscape of nutritional oil; and concludes that adoption and refinement of these sustainable alternatives could promptly allow for development of a more complete ‘green’ process for nutritional oil extraction; allowing us to better meet worldwide needs without costing the environment.

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Section: Fatty Acids As Single Cell Oils (Omega-3 Fas and Mufas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of sustainable downstream processing for nutritional oil production

Rollin,

Gupta,

Franco

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Conventional extraction methods with organic solvents are still the main techniques used to extract lipids for microalgae [93,94] due to the high percentages of final products obtained, but they require more subsequent purification steps to remove as much solvent as possible from the final product. Therefore, other methods, such as enzymatic disruption, ultrasonication, microwave methods [95,96], or supercritical fluid extraction [97][98][99], should be taken into account and optimized to reach a good compromise between lipid yield costs and environmentally safe procedures.…”

Section: Main Bottlenecks For Pufa-derived Microalgae For Large-scale...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae-Based PUFAs for Food and Feed: Current Applications, Future Possibilities, and Constraints

Santin

Balzano

Russo

et al. 2022

JMSE

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Microalgae are currently considered an attractive source of highly valuable compounds for human and animal consumption, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Several microalgae-derived compounds, such as ω-3 fatty acids, pigments, and whole dried biomasses are available on the market and are mainly produced by culturing microalgae in open ponds, which can be achieved with low setup and maintenance costs with respect to enclosed systems. However, open tanks are more susceptible to bacterial and other environmental contamination, do not guarantee a high reproducibility of algal biochemical profiles and productivities, and constrain massive cultivation to a limited number of species. Genetic engineering techniques have substantially improved over the last decade, and several model microalgae have been successfully modified to promote the accumulation of specific value-added compounds. However, transgenic strains should be cultured in closed photobioreactors (PBRs) to minimize risks of contamination of aquatic environments with allochthonous species; in addition, faster growth rates and higher yields of compounds of interest can be achieved in PBRs compared to open ponds. In this review, we present information collected about the major microalgae-derived commodities (with a special focus on PUFAs) produced at industrial scale, as well genetically-engineered microalgae to increase PUFA production. We also critically analyzed the main bottlenecks that make large-scale production of algal commodities difficult, as well as possible solutions to overcome the main problems and render the processes economically and environmentally safe.

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“…Methods for disrupting cells to accurately extract and quantify biomass protein content have been extensively explored for microalgae and yeast biotechnologies ( Halim et al, 2022 ; Rahman et al, 2022 ; Gautério et al, 2023 ). These cellular disruption techniques can be broadly classified into mechanical treatment (such as bead milling and homogenization), physical treatment (heating and sonication) and chemical/biological treatment (alkali, acids, and enzymes) ( Soto-Sierra et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of cell disruption methods for protein and coenzyme Q10 quantification in purple non-sulfur bacteria

Wada,

Rashid,

Wijten

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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A recent focus has been on the recovery of single-cell protein and other nutritionally valuable bioproducts, such as Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) from purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) biomass following wastewater treatment. However, due to PNSB’s peculiar cell envelope (e.g., increased membrane cross-section for energy transduction) and relatively smaller cell size compared to well-studied microbial protein sources like yeast and microalgae, the effectiveness of common cell disruption methods for protein quantification from PNSB may differ. Thus, this study examines the efficiency of selected chemical (NaOH and EDTA), mechanical (homogenization and bead milling), physical (thermal and bath/probe sonication), and combined chemical–mechanical/physical treatment techniques on the PNSB cell lysis. PNSB biomass was recovered from the treatment of gas-to-liquid process water. Biomass protein and CoQ10 contents were quantified based on extraction efficiency. Considering single-treatment techniques, bead milling resulted in the best protein yields (p < 0.001), with the other techniques resulting in poor yields. However, the NaOH-assisted sonication (combined chemical/physical treatment technique) resulted in similar protein recovery (p = 1.00) with bead milling, with the former having a better amino acid profile. For example, close to 50% of the amino acids, such as sensitive ones like tryptophan, threonine, cystine, and methionine, were detected in higher concentrations in NaOH-assisted sonication (>10% relative difference) compared to bead-milling due to its less disruptive nature and improved solubility of amino acids in alkaline conditions. Overall, PNSB required more intensive protein extraction techniques than were reported to be effective on other single-cell organisms. NaOH was the preferred chemical for chemical-aided mechanical/physical extraction as EDTA was observed to interfere with the Lowry protein kit, resulting in significantly lower concentrations. However, EDTA was the preferred chemical agent for CoQ10 extraction and quantification. CoQ10 extraction efficiency was also suspected to be adversely influenced by pH and temperature.

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Recovering Microalgal Bioresources: A Review of Cell Disruption Methods and Extraction Technologies

Cited by 47 publications

References 174 publications

Development of sustainable downstream processing for nutritional oil production

Development of sustainable downstream processing for nutritional oil production

Microalgae-Based PUFAs for Food and Feed: Current Applications, Future Possibilities, and Constraints

Evaluation of cell disruption methods for protein and coenzyme Q10 quantification in purple non-sulfur bacteria

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