Reconstruction of the three-dimensional salinity and temperature fields of the Black Sea on the basis of satellite altimetry measurements

Application of the Adaptive Statistics Method for Reanalysis of the Black Sea Fields Including Assimilation of the Temperature and Salinity Pseudo-Measurements in the Model

“…7. It is seen that location of the cyclonic gyres and the main anticyclones in the reanalysis and in the altimetry sea level is similar since the temperature and salinity pseudo-measurements are bound to the altimetry level [15]. At the same time localization of the above-mentioned structures in the prognostic calculation is different.…”

“…To assimilate the reproduced temperature and salinity three-dimensional fields in the model, applied is the original procedure for synthesizing the limited measurement data of the Argo buoys and the anomalies of the altimetry level [15]. Due to this procedure, the three-dimensional fields of the temperature and salinity pseudo-measurements for 1993-2014 have been reconstructed in all the points of the model grid in the 100-500 m layer of the deep-sea region limited by the isobath 500 m. RMS of the reconstructed fields' are also estimated by means of their comparison with the measurements.…”

“…Note that the drop of the altimetry-derived level is much larger (32 cm) than that reconstructed in the assimilation model (25 cm). The reason of the small level drop and the vortices' weak intensity consists in insufficient accuracy of modeling thermodynamics of the sea upper layer (0-100 m), since the temperature and salinity pseudo-measurements are not assimilated in this layer due to their absence [15], and formation of the thermohaline fields' structure is mainly conditioned by quality of the model and the atmospheric forcing fields. The dynamic sea level fields calculated for each day using the data on level anomalies [25] permitted to assess RMS of the reconstructed sea level (relative to the altimetry-derived one) in three variants of the model simulations.…”

“…Specification of the previously proposed method of adaptive statistics consists in applying new estimates of typical dispersions of the temperature and salinity forecast errors, and also in adapting the model errors' dispersions to the water circulation in the basin. The method was approved by reconstructing the Black Sea hydrophysical fields in the retrospective analysis for 2012 including the model assimilation of the three-dimensional fields of the temperature and salinity pseudo-measurements within the 100-500 m layer of the deep-sea region bounded by the 500 m isobath [15].…”

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“…Трехмерные поля псевдоизмерений температуры и солености за 1993-2002 гг. были восстановлены ранее на горизонтах модели Морского гидрофизического института (МГИ) в слое моря 100-500 м в его глубоководной части, ограниченной изобатой 500 м, на основе совместного анализа данных альтиметрии и судовых измерений с использованием методологии, описанной в [3]. В работе [4] предложенная методика была адаптирована к измерениям профилей солености и температуры буями Argo, что позволило восстановить трехмерные поля псевдоизмерений температуры и солености за период 1993-2014 гг.…”