Reconstructing biotechnologies

Ruivenkamp, Guido; Hisano, Shuji; Jongerden, Joost

doi:10.3920/978-90-8686-639-7

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It may be that this phenomenon is experienced by society as a whole and does not indicate the presence of ON. Nicolosi [50] proposed that orthorexia as a concept can be extended beyond individual pathology to describe a social phenomenon. Nicolosi argues that individuals in modern society are constantly reminded of the importance of diet on their physical health while at the same time the distance between them and food production grows.…”

Section: Prevalence Of On By Orto-15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does ORTO-15 produce valid data for ‘Orthorexia Nervosa’? A mixed-method examination of participants’ interpretations of the fifteen test items

et al. 2020

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Purpose Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is defined as a pathological eating behaviour stemming from being “healthy” or “pure”. Survey-based studies typically rely on the ORTO-15 questionnaire or its variations to detect orthorexia. However, frequent post-hoc adjustments to the ORTO-15 suggest psychometric problems. In this study, we explored people’s cognitions about the ORTO-15 items to (1) identify problems specific to ORTO-15 items and (2) explore participants’ understanding of ON symptoms. Methods Fifty adult participants (40% male, mean age = 34.0 ± 14.4 years) completed the ORTO-15, the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory–Revised edition (OCI-R). Qualitative data were collected using the modified “think aloud” protocol, which asked participants to ‘verbalise’ their responses to the ORTO-15 items. These qualitative responses were first analysed conjunctively with the quantitative responses; then subjected to thematic analysis. Results ORTO-15 identified 64% of the participants for orthorexic tendencies. In most cases (76%), participants reported no issues completing the ORTO-15. However, in some cases, qualitative responses differed from quantitative ones. When people encountered problems, it was because of poor psychometric construction: lack of clarity, ambiguous wording and multiple statements in a single item. Elaborations around the ORTO-15 items formed four major themes: “preoccupation with physical appearance”, “control”, “food is fuel” and “alone, not isolated”. Conclusion Even though in the majority of cases there were no issues with completing ORTO-15, thematic analysis revealed several discrepancies between our participants’ perceptions of the ORTO-15 items and the previously proposed diagnostic criteria for ON. The results suggest that ORTO-15 is, at best, a mediocre screening tool for ON, which is sensitive to diet but fails to have sufficient level of specificity to detect the pathological stage. More accurate instruments are needed to further research on ON. Level of evidence V (cross-sectional descriptive study with qualitative analysis).

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Section: Prevalence Of On By Orto-15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does ORTO-15 produce valid data for ‘Orthorexia Nervosa’? A mixed-method examination of participants’ interpretations of the fifteen test items

et al. 2020

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“…At the theoretical level, this research applies a critical-constructive approach (Vroom et al 2007;Ruivenkamp et al 2008) to first critically evaluate the commons literature as a way of studying the governance structure of a shared resource and then suggest a way to understand the production of commons. This constructivist aspect involved in a re-thinking of the common as a production system is substantiated with the study of the development of the drought tolerant rice variety.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this question, we applied a critical-constructive approach (Vroom et al 2007;Ruivenkamp et al 2008). Assuming a critical review of the dominant discourse on commons in terms of (the governance structure of) shared resources (Section 2), an empirical-historical analysis of the development of Sahbhagi Dhan is employed for a constructivist framework for commons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the drought tolerant variety Sahbhagi Dhan: exploring the concepts commons and community building

2017

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Abstract:The concept of commons is often understood to refer to resources shared among a group of people. The resources are typically classified by binaries such as (non-)natural, (non-)rival and (non-)substractable, and the analytical focus is placed on governance for sustainable management. Another approach to the idea of commons emphasises social relations. This concentrates on production resulting from human-human and human-nature interactions. Here, we focus on the latter and investigate the relationship between these two conceptualisations. This is enabled through an empirical study of the development process of a drought-tolerant rice variety, Sahbhagi Dhan, which was the result of a twelveyear long collaboration between the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Development of the drought tolerant variety Sahbhagi Dhan 145and other different Indian institutions. We argue that the concept of the common as a production system can be characterised as an interwoven process of community building involved in the production of resource commons, and we indicate several features of the community-building process that are essential to an understanding of commons as a socially specified system of production.

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Biotechnologizing Jatropha for local sustainable development

Puente-Rodríguez

2009

Agric Hum Values

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This article explores whether and how the biotechnologization process that the fuel-plant Jatropha curcas is undergoing might strengthen local sustainable development. It focuses on the ongoing efforts of the multi-stakeholder network Gota Verde to harness Jatropha within local small-scale production systems in Yoro, Honduras. It also looks at the genomics research on Jatropha conducted by the Dutch research institute Plant Research International, specifically addressing the ways in which that research can assists local development in Honduras. A territorial approach is applied for analysis employing a three domain concept (local sustainable biotechnological development) of territory, technology and re-territorialization. The article suggests that, although the biotechnologization process (through genomics) of Jatropha within the socio-technical framework of the institute and multi-stakeholder networks is an ongoing process--and different trajectories are, therefore, still open--the process can, nevertheless, strengthen local sustainable development.

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Reconstructing biotechnologies

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Does ORTO-15 produce valid data for ‘Orthorexia Nervosa’? A mixed-method examination of participants’ interpretations of the fifteen test items

Does ORTO-15 produce valid data for ‘Orthorexia Nervosa’? A mixed-method examination of participants’ interpretations of the fifteen test items

Development of the drought tolerant variety Sahbhagi Dhan: exploring the concepts commons and community building

Biotechnologizing Jatropha for local sustainable development

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