Reconsidering figures of merit for performance and stability of perovskite photovoltaics

Khenkin, Mark V.; Anoop, K M; Visoly‐Fisher, Iris; Galagan, Yulia; Giacomo, Francesco Di; Patil, Bhushan Ramesh; Sherafatipour, Golnaz; Turkovic, Vida; Rubahn, Horst‐Günter; Madsen, Morten; Merckx, Tamara; Uytterhoeven, Griet; Bastos, J.P.A.; Aernouts, Tom; Brunetti, Francesca; Lira‐Cantú, Mónica; Katz, Eugene A.

doi:10.1039/c7ee02956j

Cited by 84 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…On the other hand, studies on the UV‐degradation of PSCs, and possible solution to enhance their lifespan, are widely available . It is worth highlighting that, both for PSCs and PDs, further studies to clarify the effects of reversible and irreversible UV‐induced degradation mechanisms under realistic experimental conditions are urgently needed . Currently, there is no intensity specification regarding UV light for wavelengths shorter than 400 nm on the standardized test conditions for solar simulator .…”

Section: Optoelectronic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Next‐Generation Optoelectronics

Liu

Zhang

Gedamu

et al. 2019

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Colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) combine the outstanding optoelectronic properties of bulk perovskites with strong quantum confinement effects at the nanoscale. Their facile and low‐cost synthesis, together with superior photoluminescence quantum yields and exceptional optical versatility, make PNCs promising candidates for next‐generation optoelectronics. However, this field is still in its early infancy and not yet ready for commercialization due to several open challenges to be addressed, such as toxicity and stability. Here, the key synthesis strategies and the tunable optical properties of PNCs are discussed. The photophysical underpinnings of PNCs, in correlation with recent developments of PNC‐based optoelectronic devices, are especially highlighted. The final goal is to outline a theoretical scaffold for the design of high‐performance devices that can at the same time address the commercialization challenges of PNC‐based technology.

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Section: Optoelectronic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Next‐Generation Optoelectronics

Liu

Zhang

Gedamu

et al. 2019

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“…Not only does ionic migration play a crucial role in the device's current–voltage hysteresis, [ 9,10 ] but is also attributed the underpinning cause for both reversible and irreversible degradation of the perovskite absorber. [ 11,12 ] Since ionic defect formation, and consequent ionic defect movement, are evidently an integral part of the operation and stability of perovskite‐based optoelectronic devices, it is imperative to continue gaining an understanding of the migration dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Grain Boundaries on Ionic Defect Migration in Metal Halide Perovskites

Phung

Al‐Ashouri

Meloni

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

129

121

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Halide perovskites are emerging as revolutionary materials for optoelectronics. Their ionic nature and the presence of mobile ionic defects within the crystal structure have a dramatic influence on the operation of thin‐film devices such as solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, and transistors. Thin films are often polycrystalline and it is still under debate how grain boundaries affect the migration of ions and corresponding ionic defects. Laser excitation during photoluminescence (PL) microscopy experiments leads to formation and subsequent migration of ionic defects, which affects the dynamics of charge carrier recombination. From the microscopic observation of lateral PL distribution, the change in the distribution of ionic defects over time can be inferred. Resolving the PL dynamics in time and space of single crystals and thin films with different grain sizes thus, provides crucial information about the influence of grain boundaries on the ionic defect movement. In conjunction with experimental observations, atomistic simulations show that defects are trapped at the grain boundaries, thus inhibiting their diffusion. Hence, with this study, a comprehensive picture highlighting a fundamental property of the material is provided while also setting a theoretical framework in which the interaction between grain boundaries and ionic defect migration can be understood.

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“…More than one hundred different devices, using different materials or architectures, have been considered; all of them have been characterized following standard procedures when electrical parameters are reported, thus making a cross-comparison straightforward. This is not the case when stability is reported, a variety of methods and environmental conditions makes it very difficult for the cross-comparison; the stability data have been organized into two main groups in this review: stability reports for devices which are stored and characterized from time to time, and stability for devices which are characterized under continuous illumination; in both cases data for T 80 have been considered (sometimes directly reported, in other cases extrapolated from graphs or tables), since this is a recommended parameter to enable fair comparison between devices [14]. As mentioned above, the 'density' of information about stability has increased with time; initial reports focused mainly on efficiency and the hysteresis problem; recent reports more often include stability analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The balance between efficiency, stability and environmental impacts in perovskite solar cells: a review

Urbina

2020

J. Phys. Energy

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Photovoltaic technology is progressing very fast, both in a new installed capacity, now reaching a total of more than 400 GW worldwide, and in a big research effort to develop more efficient and sustainable technologies. Organic and hybrid solar cells have been pointed out as a technological breakthrough due to their potential for low economical cost and low environmental impact; but despite impressive laboratory progress, the market is still beyond reach for these technologies, especially for perovskitebased technology. In this review, the historical evolution and relationship of efficiency and stability is addressed, including Life Cycle Assessment studies which provide a quantitative evaluation of environmental impacts in several categories, such as human health or freshwater ecotoxicity, with special focus on lead toxicity. The main conclusion is that there is no unsurmountable barrier for the massive deployment of photovoltaic systems with perovskite solar modules, if the stability is extended to lifetimes similar to technologies already in the market. The results of this review provide some recommendations mainly focused on the best options for improved stability (avoiding mainly moisture and oxygen degradation) by using metal oxides, ternary or quaternary cations, or the novel 2D/3D approach, and the encapsulation effort which should also take into account the recyclability of the materials and the low environmental impact processes for up-scaled industrial production. Research guidelines should take into account the end-of-life of the devices and cleaner routes for production avoiding toxic solvents.

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Reconsidering figures of merit for performance and stability of perovskite photovoltaics

Abstract: We propose a new approach for assessing the lifetimes of perovskite photovoltaics based on daily energy output which accounts for reversible diurnal changes.

Cited by 84 publications

References 19 publications

Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Next‐Generation Optoelectronics

Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Next‐Generation Optoelectronics

The Role of Grain Boundaries on Ionic Defect Migration in Metal Halide Perovskites

The balance between efficiency, stability and environmental impacts in perovskite solar cells: a review

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