Reconfigurable microwave metadevices based on organic electrochemical transistors

Bonacchini, Giorgio E.; Omenetto, Fiorenzo G.

doi:10.1038/s41928-021-00590-0

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…When V gate biases the transistor in the ON state, the high charge carrier density in the channel electrically shunts the equivalent capacitor, thereby quenching the resonance. [18][19][20][21] Besides the conjugated polymer:polyelectrolyte blend of PEDOT:PSS, the three additional OMIEC polymers are characterized by a hole (or electron) transporting backbone with oligo ethylene glycol side chains, which facilitate ionic transport throughout the bulk of the polymer (Figure 1d). [12] Two of these polymer systems, namely p(g2T-TT) and p(gPyDPP-MeOT2), enable enhancement-mode p-type OECTs.…”

Section: Structure Materials and Operation Of Tunable Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conjugated Polymers for Microwave Applications: Untethered Sensing Platforms and Multifunctional Devices

et al. 2022

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In the past two decades, organic electronic materials have enabled and accelerated a large and diverse set of technologies, from energy‐harvesting devices and electromechanical actuators, to flexible and printed (opto)electronic circuitry. Among organic (semi)conductors, organic mixed ion–electronic conductors (OMIECs) are now at the center of renewed interest in organic electronics, as they are key drivers of recent developments in the fields of bioelectronics, energy storage, and neuromorphic computing. However, due to the relatively slow switching dynamics of organic electronics, their application in microwave technology, until recently, has been overlooked. Nonetheless, other unique properties of OMIECs, such as their substantial electrochemical tunability, charge‐modulation range, and processability, make this field of use ripe with opportunities. In this work, the use of a series of solution‐processed intrinsic OMIECs is demonstrated to actively tune the properties of metamaterial‐inspired microwave devices, including an untethered bioelectrochemical sensing platform that requires no external power, and a tunable resonating structure with independent amplitude‐ and frequency‐modulation. These devices showcase the considerable potential of OMIEC‐based metadevices in autonomous bioelectronics and reconfigurable microwave optics.

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Section: Structure Materials and Operation Of Tunable Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structure Materials and Operation Of Tunable Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated Polymers for Microwave Applications: Untethered Sensing Platforms and Multifunctional Devices

et al. 2022

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“…Finally, the only work using OECTs for reconfigurable electronics is found in microwave resonators, where Bonachini and Omenetto employed PEDOT:PSS‐based OECTs in conjunction with metamaterial structures to modulate the bulk conductivity of the channel material. [ 38 ] While not directly related to reconfigurable logic circuits, their work highlights the simplicity of OECTs, the robustness of the transistors’ performance, and the possibility of effectively using the transistors in electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual‐Mode Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on Self‐Doped Conjugated Polyelectrolytes for Reconfigurable Electronics

et al. 2022

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Reconfigurable organic logic devices are promising candidates for next generations of efficient computing systems and adaptive electronics. Ideally, such devices would be of simple structure and design, be power efficient, and compatible with high‐throughput microfabrication techniques. This work reports an organic reconfigurable logic gate based on novel dual‐mode organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), which employ a self‐doped conjugated polyelectrolyte as the active material, which then allows the transistors to operate in both depletion mode and enhancement mode. Furthermore, mode switching is accomplished by simply altering the polarity of the applied gate and drain voltages, which can be done on the fly. In contrast, achieving similar mode‐switching functionality with other organic transistors typically requires complex molecular design or multi‐device engineering. It in shown that dual‐mode functionality is enabled by the concurrent existence of anion doping and cation dedoping of the films. A device physics model that accurately describes the behavior of these transistors is developed. Finally, the utility of these dual‐mode transistors for implementing reconfigurable logic by fabricating a logic gate that may be switched between logic gates AND to NOR, and OR to NAND on the fly is demonstrated.

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“…1−7 In addition, the excellent solution-processing capability of quantum dots is compatible with low-cost micro/nano fabrication technologies for patterning and pixelated applications. 8,9 Inkjet printing, one of the most universal and promising noncontact solutionprocessing digital patterning technologies, 10 has been widely adopted in various applications including microwave metadevices, 11 millimeter-wave modulators, 12 superconducting arrays, 13 micro-supercapacitors, 14 photodetectors, 15,16 solar cells, 17 anticounterfeiting labels, 18 and display. 5,8,9,19 Compared to the traditional vacuum-depositing technique or solution-processing method such as spin coating, inkjet printing is susceptible to coffee-ring patterns and inhomogeneous films, limiting its cutting-edge and high-performance applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Quantum dots (QDs), owing to their tunable bandgaps, high emission purity, and high fluorescent quantum yield, have been widely utilized in various light-emitting applications, including light-emitting diodes, lasers, displays, and anticounterfeiting labels. − In addition, the excellent solution-processing capability of quantum dots is compatible with low-cost micro/nano fabrication technologies for patterning and pixelated applications. , Inkjet printing, one of the most universal and promising noncontact solution-processing digital patterning technologies, has been widely adopted in various applications including microwave metadevices, millimeter-wave modulators, superconducting arrays, micro-supercapacitors, photodetectors, , solar cells, anticounterfeiting labels, and display. ,,, Compared to the traditional vacuum-depositing technique or solution-processing method such as spin coating, inkjet printing is susceptible to coffee-ring patterns and inhomogeneous films, limiting its cutting-edge and high-performance applications. , The evaporation and its accompanying hydrodynamics of microscale droplets are crucial for the eventual morphology of the inkjet-printed film . Currently, the effects of solvent composition, additives, particle interaction, and substrate modification on droplet evaporation and flow kinetics have been studied to achieve stable inks and desired films. − However, most of these works are confined to two-dimensional flat substrates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Dot Self-Assembly Deposition in Physically Confined Microscale Space by Using an Inkjet Printing Technique

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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Inkjet printing technique is susceptible to form coffer-ring patterns and inhomogeneous films owing to the evaporation and its accompanying hydrodynamics of microscale quantum dot droplet. Pioneer efforts are usually confined to two-dimensional flat substrates and inks with mixed solvents/additives. Herein we demonstrate that physically confined space offers an additional parameter in tailoring such processes of droplets and the following quantum-dot self-assembly deposition, without extra modification of quantum dots or solvent chemistry. Owing to the boundary of physically confined space, two three-phase border lines in both the bottom center (horizontal direction) and the barrier of the bank substrate (vertical direction) arise, inducing dual capillary flows and Marangoni backflows. The evaporation, fluid flow, and film-forming process in physically confined space are studied by introducing well-prepared single-solvent quantum dots inks. The systematical analysis offers valuable instructions including ink preparation, surface modification, and postprocessing evaporation technique for inkjet-printed patterning applications, especially for pixelated display, polychrome patterning, and sensor array.

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Reconfigurable microwave metadevices based on organic electrochemical transistors

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Conjugated Polymers for Microwave Applications: Untethered Sensing Platforms and Multifunctional Devices

Conjugated Polymers for Microwave Applications: Untethered Sensing Platforms and Multifunctional Devices

Dual‐Mode Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on Self‐Doped Conjugated Polyelectrolytes for Reconfigurable Electronics

Quantum Dot Self-Assembly Deposition in Physically Confined Microscale Space by Using an Inkjet Printing Technique

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