Reconfigurable all-optical NOT, XOR, and NOR logic gates based on two dimensional photonic crystals

Parandin, Fariborz; Malmir, M. Reza; Naseri, Mosayeb; Zahedi, Abdulhamid

doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2017.12.005

Cited by 90 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These cells need an extra implementation process, which increases the design complexity. Moreover, recently, the crystal photonic structures were used for higher-frequency circuits, which can be used for coupler structures [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Fabrication of a Compact Branch-Line Coupler Using Resonators with Wide Harmonics Suppression Band

et al. 2022

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The branch-line coupler (BLC) is an important device in radio frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) circuits. The main drawbacks of the conventional BLC are as follows: first, the four long quarter-wavelength (λ/4) transmission line sections occupy a large size, especially at the low frequencies, and second, the presence of unwanted harmonics. This research paper presents a compact 750 MHz BLC with harmonics suppression using resonators. The typical BLC consists of four λ/4 branches, two series arms of 35 Ω and two shunt arms of 50 Ω impedances. In the proposed BLC, these long branches are replaced with two types of compact resonators. The proposed resonators have the same responses at the operating frequency of 750 MHz and suppress higher frequencies. The designed BLC is simulated, fabricated and measured. The results show that the proposed BLC has good performance at 750 MHz with a bandwidth of 200 MHz, which provides more than 26% fractional bandwidth (FBW). It has a very compact size, about 84% size reduction, as compared with the typical BLC. Moreover, the fabricated BLC suppresses the 2nd up to 7th unwanted harmonics with a high suppression level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Fabrication of a Compact Branch-Line Coupler Using Resonators with Wide Harmonics Suppression Band

et al. 2022

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“…PhCs are designed in one, two, and three-dimensional structures, whose two-dimensional structure has been considered by researchers due to its greater applications and fabrication simplicity. Research groups designed a variety of structures using two-dimensional PhCs such as optical filters [1][2][3][4][5], logic gates [6][7][8], encoders and decoders [9][10][11][12], comparators [13,14], multiplexers and demultiplexers [15,16], adders and subtractors [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], registers [25,26], memories [27][28][29], splitters [30][31][32], analog-to-digital converters [33][34][35], optical fibers [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43], sensors [44][45][46][47]...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-sensitivity biosensor for simultaneous detection of cancer and diabetes using photonic crystal microstructure

Sani

Ghanbari

Saghaei

2021

Preprint

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In this study, we propose a refractive index sensor for the simultaneous detection of cancer and diabetes based on photonic crystals (PhC). The proposed PhC composed of silicon rods in the air bed arranged in a hexagonal lattice forms the fundamental structure, and two tubes are used to place the cancerous or diabetic samples for measurement. The sensor's transmission characteristics are simulated and analyzed by solving Maxwell's electromagnetic equations using the finite-difference time-domain method for samples under study. The diagnosis of three types of cancer and diabetes is based on changing the samples' refractive index by applying the laser source centered at 1550 nm. Our results demonstrate that the proposed structure's quality factor and sensitivity can be adjusted by changing the sensor's geometry. They reveal that the transmission power is between 91% ~ 100%, depending on the sample. The sensitivity range is also between 1294 and 3080 nm/RIU. The maximum figure of merit is about 1550.11 RIU− 1 with a detection range of 31×10− 6 RIU. The small biosensor area of 61.56 µm2 makes it a suitable device for various applications in compact photonic integrated circuits.

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“…Various types of optical devices have been designed based on two-dimensional photonic crystals in recent years, such as fibres [3], switches [4], filters [5], multiplexers [6], demultiplexers [7], splitters [8], couplers [9], sensors [10], and different kinds of logic gates such as AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, and NOT [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‐optical half adder based on non‐linear triangular lattice photonic crystals with improved contrast ratio

Saadi

Kashaninia

Sabbaghi‐Nadooshan

2021

IET Optoelectronics

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An all‐optical half adder based on two‐dimensional photonic crystals is proposed. The proposed structure is composed of a triangular array of dielectric rods made of non‐linear optical material in air. The structure consists of four waveguides and one ring resonator which are formed by removing a number of dielectric rods. The structure has been simulated and analysed by the plane wave expansion method and the finite‐difference time‐domain method. The size of the proposed structure is small with dimensions of 17 μm × 14.8 μm, and the material of the rods and lattice constant are uniform across the structure. The proposed half adder has a minimum contrast ratio of 13.51 dB in the steady state, with a maximum time delay of 2 ps.

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Reconfigurable all-optical NOT, XOR, and NOR logic gates based on two dimensional photonic crystals

Cited by 90 publications

References 19 publications

Design and Fabrication of a Compact Branch-Line Coupler Using Resonators with Wide Harmonics Suppression Band

Design and Fabrication of a Compact Branch-Line Coupler Using Resonators with Wide Harmonics Suppression Band

High-sensitivity biosensor for simultaneous detection of cancer and diabetes using photonic crystal microstructure

All‐optical half adder based on non‐linear triangular lattice photonic crystals with improved contrast ratio

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