Recombinant K28 antigen in <scp>ELISA</scp> in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniosis

Venturin, Gabriela Lovizutto; Bragato, Jaqueline Poleto; Silva, K. L. O.; Lima, Valéria Marçal Felix de

doi:10.1111/pim.12281

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In Europe, IFAT is considered the standard method of serological diagnosis of CanL, presenting high sensitivity and specificity (nearly 100% for both) while ELISA is also a quantitative method that allows the use of distinct antigens. In this study, three main antigens were used for the in house ELISA; parasite lysate, rK39 (a reference antigen for serodiagnosis 7 ) and LicTXNPX (a protein already evaluated for both human and CanL 8,9 ). The tests were performed under the same conditions for all samples to exclude inter-laboratory variability.…”

Section: Openmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in the serological evaluation of dogs clinically suspect for canine leishmaniasis

Sousa

Amorim

Carvalho³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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canine leishmaniasis is a major veterinary issue and also a public health challenge due to its zoonotic potential. In this context, serological evaluation is essential for Canine leishmaniasis management. Several serological alternatives, such as rapid diagnostic tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), are well established. In fact, the capacity of distinct tests and antigens, evaluated by their sensitivity and specificity, to detect disease is normally considered sufficient for diagnosing Canine leishmaniasis. In this context, we evaluated the seropositivity using 8 different serological tests (ELISA with Leishmania recombinant proteins (rK39, LicTXNPx); soluble promastigote Leishmania antigens (SPLA); commercial ELISA test) in 82 clinically suspect animals from Northern Portugal. The obtained serological data originated 50% of inconclusive serological information with a mixture of seropositive and seronegative results for individual animals. Cutoff independent risk groups were then generated from the serological data to evaluate the clustering of the samples. This analysis originated risk groups that correlated with the most seropositive samples, suggesting that this method might be used, in a cutoff independent manner, to improve conventional serological evaluation. Ultimately, given that no test prioritization exists, the use of any single serological test increases the potential for misdiagnosis, along with all associated risks for the dog as well as public health. The use of a cutoff independent analysis has the potential to improve the predictive values of these tests, enabling a more accurate evaluation of the dog's condition.

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Section: Openmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in the serological evaluation of dogs clinically suspect for canine leishmaniasis

Sousa

Amorim

Carvalho³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In Sudan and in India [53], human serological surveys using rK28 antigen have shown good performance with high sensitivity and specificity [54]. ELISA with rK28 antigen was 100% sensitive and specific in serological diagnosis of CanL [54]. The sensitivity of rK28 was slightly higher than rK39, although no significant differences in the detection of positive dogs were observed, indicating that both antigens may be useful for diagnosing CanL, as previously observed in VL in human [54,55].…”

Section: Kinesin-related Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore, this antigen has been proposed as a new choice, especially regarding regions where rK39 has shown low levels of sensitivity [52]. In Sudan and in India [53], human serological surveys using rK28 antigen have shown good performance with high sensitivity and specificity [54]. ELISA with rK28 antigen was 100% sensitive and specific in serological diagnosis of CanL [54].…”

Section: Kinesin-related Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers in Leishmaniasis: From Basic Research to Clinical Application

Costa¹,

Amorim²,

Cordeiro-da-Silva³

2018

Biomarker - Indicator of Abnormal Physiological Process

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Leishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite and the etiological agent of a vector-borne disease known as leishmaniasis. This neglected tropical disease exhibits high morbidity and mortality putting at risk people from multiple countries worldwide. It is endemic in 97 countries and 700,000-1 million new cases are estimated to occur each year. Leishmaniasis management is very challenging, the symptoms are non-pathognomonic (in both human and canine populations) and the treatments are associated with significant toxicity. Therefore, the need for detection in symptomatic and asymptomatic hosts is important to tackle the dissemination of infection, increasing the need for highly specific biomarkers. In this complex the available disease biomarkers will be addressed in a retrospective manner, focusing on their development from laboratory to their direct use in clinical settings.

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“…Dogs with subclinical infection or clinically healthy infected dogs are defined as those that show no clinical signs on physical examination and have no clinicopathological abnormalities on the routine laboratory tests listed above, but have confirmed L. infantum infection (Solano-Gallego et al, 2009. A lower percentage of dogs with subclinical infection was reported by Lara- Silva et al (2015), in an area endemic for VL in Southeastern Brazil. Among 1,408 dogs evaluated serologically by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of L. infantum antibodies, seroprevalence was 3.6% (51 dogs), and dogs with subclinical infection represented 45% of the seropositive animals.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serological tests have a low sensitivity for the detection of subclinically infected dogs (Grimaldi et al, 2012a;Lira et al, 2006;Peixoto et al, 2015;Porrozzi et al, 2007), and some dogs may not have seroconverted at the time of blood sampling, despite being infected (Alvar et al, 2004). To try to minimize these limitations, recombinant antigens have been developed to diagnose CanVL, and these have demonstrated sensitivity and specificity ranging from 70% to 100% and from 85 to 100%, respectively (Coelho et al, 2016;Faria et al, 2015;Peixoto et al, 2015;Porrozzi et al, 2007;Rosário et al, 2005;Venturin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and management of canine leishmaniasis in Latin America

Marcondes

Day

2019

Research in Veterinary Science

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Latin America encompasses diverse geographical, cultural and socioeconomic conditions, which are reflected in the challenges for infectious disease control in the region. One of the most significant regional infectious diseases for humans and domestic dogs is leishmaniasis, occurring as visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum (syn. L. chagasi) transmitted by sand flies (Lutzomyia longipalpis) and with a canine reservoir, and the more common cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) involving multiple Leishmania spp. (particularly L. braziliensis), sand fly vectors and reservoir hosts. VL is spreading within Latin America for reasons related to mass migration of human and canine populations, with incursion into novel environments (e.g. related to deforestation) coupled with a background of poverty and poor public health infrastructure. The challenges for control of VL also include: (1) the accurate identification of infected dogs (particularly subclinically infected dogs) with the current reliance on serological rather than molecular diagnostic methods, (2) controversy surrounding the ethics and efficacy of culling of seropositive dogs, (3) the limited efficacy of currently available canine vaccines and their potential to interfere with interpretation of serological testing, (4) the expense associated with distribution of insecticidal dog collars, which may prove to be the most valuable control method, and (5) the cost and therefore accessibility of licensed medical treatment for canine leishmaniasis by the general population. Resolution of these isssues will necessitate a 'One Health' approach to coordination of resources between human and veterinary healthcare.

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Recombinant K28 antigen in ELISA in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniosis

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Challenges in the serological evaluation of dogs clinically suspect for canine leishmaniasis

Challenges in the serological evaluation of dogs clinically suspect for canine leishmaniasis

Biomarkers in Leishmaniasis: From Basic Research to Clinical Application

Current status and management of canine leishmaniasis in Latin America

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