“…For example, Caorsi et al (2012) found 99.4% of correct matches in naked-eye photo-identification of an anuran species based on ventral color pattern, 90.9% using computer-assisted photo-identification and 95.3% using toe-clipping method. Furthermore, our results are comparable with Chim & Tan (2012) study, which found respectively 87% and 100% of correct matches for computer-assisted and naked-eye photo evaluations of a sea star species based on tubercle patterns. Our results therefore indicate that photo-identification is a suitable method for individual identification in R. aequalicuspis.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…Knox et al, 2013;Sreekar et al, 2013) and even invertebrates (e.g. Chim & Tan, 2012;Caci et al, 2013). Photo-identification has been extensively applied for studying marine mammals (e.g.…”
Photo-identification allows individual recognition of animal species based on natural marks, being an alternative to other more stressful artificial tagging/marking techniques. An increasing number of studies with different animal groups has shown that photo-identification can successfully be used in several situations, but its feasibility to study freshwater fishes is yet to be explored. We demonstrate the potential use of photo-identification for intraspecific recognition of individuals in the streamdwelling loricariid Rineloricaria aequalicuspis. We tested photo-identification in laboratory and field conditions based on the interindividual variability in abdominal bony plates. Our test yielded high correct matches in both laboratory (100%) and field conditions (> 97%), comparable to other reliable techniques and to studies that successfully used photo-identification in other animals. In field conditions, the number of correct matches did not differ statistically between computer-assisted and nakedeye identification. However, the average time expended to conclude computer-assisted photo evaluations was about half of the time expended to conclude naked-eye evaluations. This result may be exacerbated when using database with large number of images. Our results indicate that photo-identification can be a feasible alternative technique to study freshwater fish species, allowing for a wider use of mark-recapture in ecological and behavioral studies.A foto-identificação permite o reconhecimento individual de espécies de animais baseando-se em marcas naturais, sendo uma alternativa a outras técnicas de marcação artificial mais estressantes comumente usadas. O número crescente de estudos que usam foto-identificação em diferentes grupos animais mostra que esta técnica pode ser utilizada com sucesso, mas a viabilidade em estudos com peixes de água doce ainda não foi avaliada. Nós demonstramos o uso potencial da foto-identificação para o reconhecimento individual de peixes com indivíduos do loricarídeo Rineloricaria aequalicuspis. Nós testamos fotoidentificação em condições de laboratório e de campo com base na variabilidade inter-individual das placas ósseas abdominais. O teste resultou em elevada porcentagem de acerto nas comparações, tanto para a condição de laboratório (100%) quanto para a de campo (> 97%), o que é comparável com outras técnicas confiáveis e com outros estudos que empregaram fotoidentificação com sucesso. No teste de campo, o número de acertos não diferiu estatisticamente entre auxílio de computador e olho nu. Entretanto, o tempo médio despendido para concluir as avaliações com o auxílio de computador foi cerca da metade do tempo despendido para as avaliações a olho nu. Esse resultado pode ser exacerbado em avaliações com um grande número de imagens. Nossos resultados indicam que a foto-identificação pode ser uma técnica alternativa viável para estudar peixes de água doce e possibilita um uso mais amplo da marcação e recaptura para estudos ecológicos e comportamentais.
“…For example, Caorsi et al (2012) found 99.4% of correct matches in naked-eye photo-identification of an anuran species based on ventral color pattern, 90.9% using computer-assisted photo-identification and 95.3% using toe-clipping method. Furthermore, our results are comparable with Chim & Tan (2012) study, which found respectively 87% and 100% of correct matches for computer-assisted and naked-eye photo evaluations of a sea star species based on tubercle patterns. Our results therefore indicate that photo-identification is a suitable method for individual identification in R. aequalicuspis.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…Knox et al, 2013;Sreekar et al, 2013) and even invertebrates (e.g. Chim & Tan, 2012;Caci et al, 2013). Photo-identification has been extensively applied for studying marine mammals (e.g.…”
Photo-identification allows individual recognition of animal species based on natural marks, being an alternative to other more stressful artificial tagging/marking techniques. An increasing number of studies with different animal groups has shown that photo-identification can successfully be used in several situations, but its feasibility to study freshwater fishes is yet to be explored. We demonstrate the potential use of photo-identification for intraspecific recognition of individuals in the streamdwelling loricariid Rineloricaria aequalicuspis. We tested photo-identification in laboratory and field conditions based on the interindividual variability in abdominal bony plates. Our test yielded high correct matches in both laboratory (100%) and field conditions (> 97%), comparable to other reliable techniques and to studies that successfully used photo-identification in other animals. In field conditions, the number of correct matches did not differ statistically between computer-assisted and nakedeye identification. However, the average time expended to conclude computer-assisted photo evaluations was about half of the time expended to conclude naked-eye evaluations. This result may be exacerbated when using database with large number of images. Our results indicate that photo-identification can be a feasible alternative technique to study freshwater fish species, allowing for a wider use of mark-recapture in ecological and behavioral studies.A foto-identificação permite o reconhecimento individual de espécies de animais baseando-se em marcas naturais, sendo uma alternativa a outras técnicas de marcação artificial mais estressantes comumente usadas. O número crescente de estudos que usam foto-identificação em diferentes grupos animais mostra que esta técnica pode ser utilizada com sucesso, mas a viabilidade em estudos com peixes de água doce ainda não foi avaliada. Nós demonstramos o uso potencial da foto-identificação para o reconhecimento individual de peixes com indivíduos do loricarídeo Rineloricaria aequalicuspis. Nós testamos fotoidentificação em condições de laboratório e de campo com base na variabilidade inter-individual das placas ósseas abdominais. O teste resultou em elevada porcentagem de acerto nas comparações, tanto para a condição de laboratório (100%) quanto para a de campo (> 97%), o que é comparável com outras técnicas confiáveis e com outros estudos que empregaram fotoidentificação com sucesso. No teste de campo, o número de acertos não diferiu estatisticamente entre auxílio de computador e olho nu. Entretanto, o tempo médio despendido para concluir as avaliações com o auxílio de computador foi cerca da metade do tempo despendido para as avaliações a olho nu. Esse resultado pode ser exacerbado em avaliações com um grande número de imagens. Nossos resultados indicam que a foto-identificação pode ser uma técnica alternativa viável para estudar peixes de água doce e possibilita um uso mais amplo da marcação e recaptura para estudos ecológicos e comportamentais.
“…Photo-identification vouchers of the aboral surface of individuals [23] were taken prior to release of the animals, to prevent repeat genetic sampling of the same individual. Figure 1.Locations of Protoreaster nodosus populations from Singapore and Crandall et al .…”
The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have received much less interest. Here, we demonstrate that a small population of the knobbly sea star Protoreaster nodosus in Singapore has similarly high levels of genetic diversity as comparable Indonesian populations from the Coral Triangle. The high genetic diversity of this population is remarkable because it is maintained despite decades of continued anthropogenic disturbance. We postulate that it is probably due to broadcast spawning which is likely to maintain high levels of population connectivity. To test this, we analysed 6140 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for Singapore's populations and demonstrate a pattern of near panmixia. We here document a second case of high genetic diversity and low genetic structure for a broadcast spawner in Singapore, which suggests that such species have high resilience against anthropogenic disturbances. The study demonstrates the feasibility and power of using genome-wide SNPs for connectivity studies of marine invertebrates without a sequenced genome.
“…From the early days of taxonomy, species descriptions have been accompanied by various types of visual support that are vital to convey information about the morphology and character states used to distinguish species (Akkari et al 2015, García-Melo et al 2018. Currently, the use of digital images in taxonomy has focused on photo-identification methods (Dala-Corte et al 2016) in studies of large vertebrates (Bertulli et al 2015;Koivuniemi et al 2016;Treilibs et al 2016), amphibians (Sannolo et al 2016), lizards (Sreekar et al 2013;Knox et al 2016), invertebrates (Caci et al 2013, Chim & Tan 2012, fishes (Speed et al 2007;Dala-Corte et al 2016), and bats (Rydell & Russo 2014). Few works, however, have attempted to standardize protocols for field photography to provide images that are taxonomically informative for scientific publications and aesthetically attractive for disseminating knowledge and promoting biodiversity conservation to a broader constituency.…”
This paper describes the Photafish System, an innovative technique for capturing high-quality digital images of live freshwater fishes and other aquatic organisms in the field. This system may improve and facilitate the visual documentation of such organisms to illustrate guidebooks, populate online databases and support scientific papers, particularly taxonomic ones. The system was designed and tested to produce Taxonomically Informative Photos (TIPs) of living specimens and employs an Aquarium Assembly for Photography (AAP) distinguished by its portability and low cost. Using Neotropical freshwater fishes as a model, we propose an optimized protocol for documenting the morphology of live specimens to support taxonomy, as well as awareness and conservation of freshwater biodiversity. This paper addresses the technical aspects and challenges of field studio photography in remote locations. Tricks gleaned from personal experiences with nature photography are also shared. Finally, we briefly discuss the advantages and weaknesses of our approach.
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