Reclassification of the only species of the genus Desulfomonas, Desulfomonas pigra, as Desulfovibrio piger comb. nov.

Valente, Filipa M. A.; Pereira, Inês; Costa, Ana; Grimont, Patrick A. D.; Faou, Alain E. Le

doi:10.1099/00207713-52-4-1305

Cited by 47 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…SQRD-1 expression appears to be localized to the cells most readily exposed to exogenous H 2 S in the worm. In mammals, colon epithelial cells that express high levels of SQRDL (Pontén et al 2008) are likely to do so because a prominent enteric bacteria, Desulfovibrio piger , produces high levels of H 2 S in the lower intestine (Loubinoux et al 2002). The requirement for ethe-1 during RA/H 2 S exposure confirms that the sulfide–oxidation pathway is the essential function of sqrd-1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Caenorhabditis elegans to Hydrogen Sulfide and Hydrogen Cyanide

2011

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenously produced small molecule, protects animals from various stresses. Recent studies demonstrate that animals exposed to H2S are long lived, resistant to hypoxia, and resistant to ischemia–reperfusion injury. We performed a forward genetic screen to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms Caenorhabditis elegans uses to appropriately respond to H2S. At least two distinct pathways appear to be important for this response, including the H2S-oxidation pathway and the hydrogen cyanide (HCN)-assimilation pathway. The H2S-oxidation pathway requires two distinct enzymes important for the oxidation of H2S: the sulfide:quinone reductase sqrd-1 and the dioxygenase ethe-1. The HCN-assimilation pathway requires the cysteine synthase homologs cysl-1 and cysl-2. A low dose of either H2S or HCN can activate hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), which is required for C. elegans to respond to either gas. sqrd-1 and cysl-2 represent the entry points in the H2S-oxidation and HCN-assimilation pathways, respectively, and expression of both of these enzymes is highly induced by HIF-1 in response to both H2S and HCN. In addition to their role in appropriately responding to H2S and HCN, we found that cysl-1 and cysl-2 are both essential mediators of innate immunity against fast paralytic killing by Pseudomonas. Furthermore, in agreement with these data, we showed that growing worms in the presence of H2S is sufficient to confer resistance to Pseudomonas fast paralytic killing. Our results suggest the hypoxia-independent hif-1 response in C. elegans evolved to respond to the naturally occurring small molecules H2S and HCN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Caenorhabditis elegans to Hydrogen Sulfide and Hydrogen Cyanide

2011

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“…Groups of age-matched adult GF mice belonging to the NMRI inbred strain (17) were colonized with one or more of the following human fecal-derived microbial strains: B. thetaiotaomicron, a saccharolytic bacterium whose genome has been sequenced (5,17,18) Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and to some extent homoacetogens, serve as alternative consumers of H 2 in the human gut (19,20). These SRBs are almost exclusively Desulfovibrio spp., with Desulfovibrio piger being the most abundant species in healthy adults (5,21). D. piger, like M. smithii, is nonsaccharolytic; unlike M. smithii, it cannot use formate (22).…”

Section: Cocolonization Of Gnotobiotic Mice With Bacteroides Thetaiotmentioning

confidence: 99%

A humanized gnotobiotic mouse model of host–archaeal–bacterial mutualism

Samuel

Gordon²

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

566

491

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Our colons harbor trillions of microbes including a prominent archaeon, Methanobrevibacter smithii. To examine the contributions of Archaea to digestive health, we colonized germ-free mice with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, an adaptive bacterial forager of the polysaccharides that we consume, with or without M. smithii or the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio piger. Wholegenome transcriptional profiling of B. thetaiotaomicron, combined with mass spectrometry, revealed that, unlike D. piger, M. smithii directs B. thetaiotaomicron to focus on fermentation of dietary fructans to acetate, whereas B. thetaiotaomicron-derived formate is used by M. smithii for methanogenesis. B. thetaiotaomicron-M. smithii cocolonization produces a significant increase in host adiposity compared with monoassociated, or B. thetaiotaomicron-D. piger biassociated, animals. These findings demonstrate a link between this archaeon, prioritized bacterial utilization of polysaccharides commonly encountered in our modern diets, and host energy balance. adiposity ͉ energy homeostasis ͉ gut microbial ecology ͉ polysaccharide metabolism ͉ Methanobrevibacter smithii T he role of Archaea in human health remains unclear (1). One site where their influence may be profound is the gut. Hydrogen-consuming methanogenic archaeons are present in the intestinal tracts of many invertebrate and vertebrate species (2-4). Our adult intestine contains 10 trillion to 100 trillion microbial cells and is dominated by members of just two divisions of Bacteria, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes (5). Archaea, the only known producers of methane, are present at high levels in 50-85% of humans (6-8). Concordance rates for methane production are equivalent for both monozygotic and dizygotic twins, underscoring the importance of family environment (mothers) in acquisition of methanogens (9). The most comprehensive enumeration of the adult human colonic microbiota reported to date (5) found a single predominant archaeal species, Methanobrevibacter smithii. This Euryarchaeote can comprise up to 10% of all anaerobes in the colons of healthy adults, while Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Crenarchaeotes can be minor members (10, 11).One manifestation of the mutualism between humans and their distal gut microbiota is that the latter extracts energy that would be lost from otherwise indigestible dietary polysaccharides (fiber). Fermentation of dietary fiber is accomplished by syntrophic interactions between microbes linked in a metabolic food web and is a major energy-producing pathway for members of the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes. These primary bacterial fermentors generate short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), principally acetate, propionate, and butyrate, as well as other organic acids (e.g., formate) and gases [e.g., hydrogen (H 2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 )]. Accumulation of H 2 inhibits bacterial NADH dehydrogenases, thereby reducing the yield of ATP. Studies in man-made bioreactors have shown that removal of H 2 by means of archaeal methanogenesis improves ferment...

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“…This species has been described only partially since its recent identification, but it is of particular interest because all strains of ' Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis ' have been obtained from sites of human infection. Strains of ' Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis ' originate from a pyogenic liver abscess (Tee et al, 1996) and have also been detected in blood (McDougall et al, 1997 ;Loubinoux et al, 2000) and urine (La Scola & Raoult, 1999). Furthermore, Loubinoux et al (2000) isolated ' Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis ' strains from blood and from abdominal abscesses of three other patients with mixed infections.…”

Section: Clinical Associations Of Desulfovibrio Strain Ny682mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strains of ' Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis ' originate from a pyogenic liver abscess (Tee et al, 1996) and have also been detected in blood (McDougall et al, 1997 ;Loubinoux et al, 2000) and urine (La Scola & Raoult, 1999). Furthermore, Loubinoux et al (2000) isolated ' Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis ' strains from blood and from abdominal abscesses of three other patients with mixed infections. Four different Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strains were isolated from a brain abscess, an appendicular abscess, an abdominal wall abscess and from blood of another three patients.…”

Section: Clinical Associations Of Desulfovibrio Strain Ny682mentioning

confidence: 99%