Recherches préliminaires sur la croissance et la morphogenèse de l'Alisier torminal

Barnola, P.; Durand, P.; Parmentier, Cécile

doi:10.4267/2042/26421

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Dormancy can be re‐induced by exposure of hydrated seeds to 20–25 °C (Muller & Laroppe ). Further details of seed storage, sowing depth and other in vivo recommendations can be found in Barnola, Durand & Parmentier (), Drapier (1993b), Kausch‐Blecken von Schmeling (), Muller & Laroppe () and Kausch‐Blecken von Schmeling & Kellner ().…”

Section: Floral and Seed Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In open conditions, the crown is rounded, ovate with strong orthotropic development of many lateral, angled branches, while under shade, it tends towards being narrow with a main vertical shoot (Barnola, Durand & Parmentier 1993;Drapier 1993c;Sevrin & Keller 1993). The canopy is composed of a mix of long and short shoots; short shoot spurs can be up to 66 years old.…”

Section: Structure and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In trees under the shade of a canopy, shoot elongation has been reported to occur in late May, early June with a second but smaller burst of growth in September/October with no discernible growth in the 2Á5 months between (Barnola, Durand & Parmentier 1993). .…”

Section: Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Flora of the British Isles:Sorbus torminalis

Thomas

2017

Journal of Ecology

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Summary1. This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz (Wild Service-tree) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation. 2. Sorbus torminalis is an uncommon, mostly small tree (but can reach 33 m) native to lowland England and Wales, and temperate and Mediterranean regions of mainland Europe. It is the most shade-tolerant member of the genus in the British Isles, and as a result, it is more closely associated with woodland than any other British species. Like other British Sorbus species, however, it grows best where competition for space and sunlight is limited. Seedlings are shade tolerant but adults are only moderately so. This, combined with its low competitive ability, restricts the best growth to open areas. In shade, saplings and young adults form a sapling bank, showing reproduction and extensive growth only when released. Sorbus torminalis tolerates a wide range of soil reaction (pH 3Á5-8Á0) but grows best on calcareous clays and thin soils over limestone. 3. Sorbus torminalis is a sexual, diploid, non-apomictic species that has hybridised with a number of other Sorbus species to form microspecies. The hermaphrodite flowers are primarily insect pollinated. Seed production is reliable only in warm years, especially at the edge of its range, although even then seed viability is low. The fruits are primarily dispersed by carnivorous mammals. Seeds display embryo dormancy but most will germinate the first spring after falling. 4. This tree is very tolerant of short droughts but only moderately tolerant of frost, hence its southerly and lowland distribution. It faces no particular individual threats although the small size of most populations makes it susceptible to habitat loss and fragmentation, particularly through the loss of open coppiced areas. As a consequence, it appears to be declining throughout Britain and Europe despite its wide range of historical uses and the high value of its timber. The extent to which these losses will be offset by increases due to climate change is unknown.Key-words: climatic limitation, communities, conservation, ecophysiology, geographical and altitudinal distribution, germination, herbivory, mycorrhiza, parasites and diseases, reproductive biology, soils Wild Service-tree or Chequers/Chequer tree. Rosaceae. Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz (Crataegus torminalis L., Pyrus torminalis (L.) Ehrh., Aria torminalis (L.) Beck., Torminaria clusii Roem., Torminalis clusii (Roem.) Roberts & Phipps) is usually a subordinate, subcanopy tree or shrub of temperate deciduous forests, and more rarely a co-dominant canopy tree reaching 30-33 m. Suckers profusely. Crown narrow when shaded but round, ...

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Section: Floral and Seed Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structure and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Flora of the British Isles:Sorbus torminalis

Thomas

2017

Journal of Ecology

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“…The complete lack of chequer trees in the lower strata is even more alarming than the competition in the upper strata ( BARNOLA et al 1993, SEVRIN and KELLER 1993, WILHELM 1993, SCHÜTE and BECK 1996. Possibly, a strong treatment of the overstory, which is necessary in any case, would suffice to temporarily satisfy the need for light of the few chequer trees in the upcoming generation.…”

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Analyses of stand structure as a tool for silvicultural decisions — a case study in a Quercus petraea — Sorbus torminalis stand

2000

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The study applies structural indices using the example of an oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) -chequer tree (Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) stand in order to derive recommendations for the silvicultural treatment of Chequer trees. The investigated stand, located in the northern part of Bavaria, comprises eight tree species and four shrub species. Various indices were used to analyse the stand structure and the crown coverage frequency. It was shown that chequer trees, which are presently of high economic interest, are strongly oppressed in the upper layer and almost completely missing in the lower layers of the stand. The possible reasons for this finding and alternatives for the further management of the stand are discussed. Persistent and repeated thinnings in order to ensure a sufficient crown development of the chequer trees seem to be essential for their survival. ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Untersuchung wurde in einem nahe Bamberg gelegenen, aus insgesamt acht Baum-und vier Straucharten bestehenden Eichen (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) -Elsbeeren (Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) -Bestand durchgeführt. Sie hatte das Ziel mittels einer detaillierten Manuscriptversion published in Forstw. Cbl. 119 (2000), S. 32-42. 2 Strukturanalyse Empfehlungen für die weitere waldbauliche Behandlung des Bestandes zu erarbeiten und daraus in Verbindung mit Literaturangaben allgemeine Hinweise zur waldbaulichen Behandlung der Elsbeere abzuleiten. Zur Charakterisierung des Bestandes dienten zahlreiche Indizes (Aggregationsindex nach CLARK und EVANS, Durchmischungs-und Durchmesserdifferenzierungswert nach FÜLDNER, SHANNON-index), dreidimensionale Kronenkarten und ertragskundliche Bestandeskennwerte. Die Oberschicht des Bestandes, der nur 4 % der Individuen angehören, die jedoch 37 % der Grundfläche bildet, wird zu 76 % von Eichen gebildet, die teilweise noch aus der ehemaligen Mittelwaldbewirtschaftung stammen. Elsbeeren finden sich hauptsächlich in der zweiten der vier Höhenklassen. Sie nehmen dort sowohl stammzahl-als auch grundflächenbezogen einen Anteil von rund 40 % ein, darunter fehlen sie jedoch fast vollständig. Die Elsbeeren sind in der Regel von Individuen anderer Baumarten umgeben und werden von diesen in den meisten Fällen stark bedrängt. In Übereinstimmung mit den Ergebnissen anderer Autoren wird empfohlen Elsbeeren durch wiederholte Eingriffe dauerhaft von der Konkurrenz anderer Baumarten im Kronenraum zu befreien und qualitativ befriedigende Individuen bereits frühzeitig zu begünstigen.

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Morphological and ecological peculiarities of checker tree mountain ash (Torminalis glaberrima) plants and biochemical composition of its fruits

Москалец

Vovkohon

Barat

et al. 2020

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The selection and comparative study of new forms of the Red Book species checker tree mountain ash (Torminalis glaberrima (Gand.) Sennikov & Kurtto) were conducted on the basis of generalizing the literary data and expeditionary research on the natural and local gene pool of the above-mentioned plant. Information was presented about the peculiarities of the selection and valuable forms of the checker tree concerning the indices of vitality and morphology in the Central, South-Western, and Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. These forms appeared to be characterized by high vigour (over 30–40 cm), large size and mass of the fruits (1.7–2.4 g), their increased nutritional value, high ecological plasticity and ornamentality (crown shape, leaf colouration and shades during the growing season). Taking into consideration the ornamental characteristics, the selected forms are rather promising in landscape construction and phytodesign as complementary elements of oak-beech, oak-hornbeam and other species associations, as well as green corridors of the ecological network. This will contribute to the restoration and preservation of this rare species, thus facilitating restoration, spreading and conservation of this rare species, thereby increasing the stability of ecosystem components, squares, alleys, nature-conservation territories and enhancing the aesthetic qualities of the gardens when establishing harmonious landscape compositions. The fruits of T. glaberrima are characterized as raw material for processing and manufacturing of medicinal preparations and food products. The biochemical analysis of the checker tree mountain ash berries has shown that they are characterized by high content of a number of biologically active substances: polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamin С. The wide use of the checker tree will enable the food and pharmaceutical markets to be supplied with medicinal and fruit raw material by its introduction into new cultivation conditions, namely: into industrial and ornamental horticulture, forestry. The new genotypes of T. glaberrima were selected and are planned to be transferred to the National Centre for the Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. That will make it possible to replenish the genetic bank of Ukraine with representatives of the species, which are promising in fruit growing and ornamental horticulture, forestry and nature conservation.

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Recherches préliminaires sur la croissance et la morphogenèse de l'Alisier torminal

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Sorbus torminalis

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Sorbus torminalis

Analyses of stand structure as a tool for silvicultural decisions — a case study in a Quercus petraea — Sorbus torminalis stand

Morphological and ecological peculiarities of checker tree mountain ash (Torminalis glaberrima) plants and biochemical composition of its fruits

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