Abstract:Summary1. This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz (Wild Service-tree) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservat… Show more
“…It should be noted that the checker tree is an aboriginal species and the extreme north-eastern limit of its distribution is: Zаkаrpаttia, Peredkarpattia, Bukovynа, Pоdіllia, some localities are in the mountainous Crimea (Kоsеts, 1941;Termena & Budzhak, 1997;Mosyakin, 1999;Budzhak et al, 2000;Didukh, 2009). In addition, the species covers large areas in Western Europe, Turkey and the Caucasus, North Africa Zwierzyński & Bednorz, 2012;Szymura et al, 2014;Thomas, 2017). In Europe this species is widespread in Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Romania, Serbia, as well as in other countries of the Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas, in some parts of Switzerland, the Caucasus (Fig.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Europe this species is widespread in Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Romania, Serbia, as well as in other countries of the Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas, in some parts of Switzerland, the Caucasus (Fig. 3) de Rigo, et al, 2016;Thomas, 2017), where its average density ranges from 0.2 to 30 trees/ha (Moskalets et al, 2020). International experts (Zwierzyński & Bednorz, 2012;Madera, 2013;Nemeth, 2015;Thomas, 2017) and national scientists (Kоsеts, 1941;Termena & Budzhak, 1997;Shpak et al, 2017) have proved the priority of the study, preservation and restoration of populations of wild service tree given its vitality and environmental significance.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3) de Rigo, et al, 2016;Thomas, 2017), where its average density ranges from 0.2 to 30 trees/ha (Moskalets et al, 2020). International experts (Zwierzyński & Bednorz, 2012;Madera, 2013;Nemeth, 2015;Thomas, 2017) and national scientists (Kоsеts, 1941;Termena & Budzhak, 1997;Shpak et al, 2017) have proved the priority of the study, preservation and restoration of populations of wild service tree given its vitality and environmental significance. In countries such as Germany, Serbia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Austria, Poland and others, the checker tree was listed in the 'Red Book' and a start has been made to entry of selected genotypes to the Register of Plant Varieties (Ireland, Austria) (Grynyk et al, 2019;Moskalets et al, 2020).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is also evidence that it is becoming rarer in some areas such as eastern France, starting in 1988 (Allegrini et al, 1993), and central Europe (Drapier 1993a;Drapier 1993b). It has also been suggested that particularly tall trees of good form are being preferentially harvested and not replaced (Thomas, 2017), leading to the species becoming increasingly shrubby. Few European countries consider that wild service tree does not need nature conservation efforts (Lefevre et al, 2020), for example in Great Britain, where it has been classified as Least Concern using IUCN threat criteria (Moskalets et al, 2020).…”
The selection and comparative study of new forms of the Red Book species checker tree mountain ash (Torminalis glaberrima (Gand.) Sennikov & Kurtto) were conducted on the basis of generalizing the literary data and expeditionary research on the natural and local gene pool of the above-mentioned plant. Information was presented about the peculiarities of the selection and valuable forms of the checker tree concerning the indices of vitality and morphology in the Central, South-Western, and Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. These forms appeared to be characterized by high vigour (over 30–40 cm), large size and mass of the fruits (1.7–2.4 g), their increased nutritional value, high ecological plasticity and ornamentality (crown shape, leaf colouration and shades during the growing season). Taking into consideration the ornamental characteristics, the selected forms are rather promising in landscape construction and phytodesign as complementary elements of oak-beech, oak-hornbeam and other species associations, as well as green corridors of the ecological network. This will contribute to the restoration and preservation of this rare species, thus facilitating restoration, spreading and conservation of this rare species, thereby increasing the stability of ecosystem components, squares, alleys, nature-conservation territories and enhancing the aesthetic qualities of the gardens when establishing harmonious landscape compositions. The fruits of T. glaberrima are characterized as raw material for processing and manufacturing of medicinal preparations and food products. The biochemical analysis of the checker tree mountain ash berries has shown that they are characterized by high content of a number of biologically active substances: polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamin С. The wide use of the checker tree will enable the food and pharmaceutical markets to be supplied with medicinal and fruit raw material by its introduction into new cultivation conditions, namely: into industrial and ornamental horticulture, forestry. The new genotypes of T. glaberrima were selected and are planned to be transferred to the National Centre for the Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. That will make it possible to replenish the genetic bank of Ukraine with representatives of the species, which are promising in fruit growing and ornamental horticulture, forestry and nature conservation.
“…It should be noted that the checker tree is an aboriginal species and the extreme north-eastern limit of its distribution is: Zаkаrpаttia, Peredkarpattia, Bukovynа, Pоdіllia, some localities are in the mountainous Crimea (Kоsеts, 1941;Termena & Budzhak, 1997;Mosyakin, 1999;Budzhak et al, 2000;Didukh, 2009). In addition, the species covers large areas in Western Europe, Turkey and the Caucasus, North Africa Zwierzyński & Bednorz, 2012;Szymura et al, 2014;Thomas, 2017). In Europe this species is widespread in Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Romania, Serbia, as well as in other countries of the Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas, in some parts of Switzerland, the Caucasus (Fig.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Europe this species is widespread in Great Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Romania, Serbia, as well as in other countries of the Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas, in some parts of Switzerland, the Caucasus (Fig. 3) de Rigo, et al, 2016;Thomas, 2017), where its average density ranges from 0.2 to 30 trees/ha (Moskalets et al, 2020). International experts (Zwierzyński & Bednorz, 2012;Madera, 2013;Nemeth, 2015;Thomas, 2017) and national scientists (Kоsеts, 1941;Termena & Budzhak, 1997;Shpak et al, 2017) have proved the priority of the study, preservation and restoration of populations of wild service tree given its vitality and environmental significance.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3) de Rigo, et al, 2016;Thomas, 2017), where its average density ranges from 0.2 to 30 trees/ha (Moskalets et al, 2020). International experts (Zwierzyński & Bednorz, 2012;Madera, 2013;Nemeth, 2015;Thomas, 2017) and national scientists (Kоsеts, 1941;Termena & Budzhak, 1997;Shpak et al, 2017) have proved the priority of the study, preservation and restoration of populations of wild service tree given its vitality and environmental significance. In countries such as Germany, Serbia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Austria, Poland and others, the checker tree was listed in the 'Red Book' and a start has been made to entry of selected genotypes to the Register of Plant Varieties (Ireland, Austria) (Grynyk et al, 2019;Moskalets et al, 2020).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is also evidence that it is becoming rarer in some areas such as eastern France, starting in 1988 (Allegrini et al, 1993), and central Europe (Drapier 1993a;Drapier 1993b). It has also been suggested that particularly tall trees of good form are being preferentially harvested and not replaced (Thomas, 2017), leading to the species becoming increasingly shrubby. Few European countries consider that wild service tree does not need nature conservation efforts (Lefevre et al, 2020), for example in Great Britain, where it has been classified as Least Concern using IUCN threat criteria (Moskalets et al, 2020).…”
The selection and comparative study of new forms of the Red Book species checker tree mountain ash (Torminalis glaberrima (Gand.) Sennikov & Kurtto) were conducted on the basis of generalizing the literary data and expeditionary research on the natural and local gene pool of the above-mentioned plant. Information was presented about the peculiarities of the selection and valuable forms of the checker tree concerning the indices of vitality and morphology in the Central, South-Western, and Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. These forms appeared to be characterized by high vigour (over 30–40 cm), large size and mass of the fruits (1.7–2.4 g), their increased nutritional value, high ecological plasticity and ornamentality (crown shape, leaf colouration and shades during the growing season). Taking into consideration the ornamental characteristics, the selected forms are rather promising in landscape construction and phytodesign as complementary elements of oak-beech, oak-hornbeam and other species associations, as well as green corridors of the ecological network. This will contribute to the restoration and preservation of this rare species, thus facilitating restoration, spreading and conservation of this rare species, thereby increasing the stability of ecosystem components, squares, alleys, nature-conservation territories and enhancing the aesthetic qualities of the gardens when establishing harmonious landscape compositions. The fruits of T. glaberrima are characterized as raw material for processing and manufacturing of medicinal preparations and food products. The biochemical analysis of the checker tree mountain ash berries has shown that they are characterized by high content of a number of biologically active substances: polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamin С. The wide use of the checker tree will enable the food and pharmaceutical markets to be supplied with medicinal and fruit raw material by its introduction into new cultivation conditions, namely: into industrial and ornamental horticulture, forestry. The new genotypes of T. glaberrima were selected and are planned to be transferred to the National Centre for the Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. That will make it possible to replenish the genetic bank of Ukraine with representatives of the species, which are promising in fruit growing and ornamental horticulture, forestry and nature conservation.
“…Reduction in water availability due to elevated temperature and high light intensity can induce contradictory and species-specific responses in carbon allocation and hydraulic properties (Gortan et al, 2009;Petit et al, 2016;Kiorapostolou and Petit, 2018). Depending on the biological properties of the plants, restricted growth or decreased abundance can be detected during regeneration despite favorable environmental conditions (Březina and Dobrovolný, 2011;Saniga et al, 2014), (Martínez-Vilalta et al, 2002;Ďurkovič et al, 2013;Thomas, 2017;Bednorz and Nowinska, 2018).…”
Maintaining and managing trees with different ecological plasticity under climate conditions aggravated by short-term variability are major challenges for foresters. Our aims were to investigate species-specific ecophysiological responses of canopy trees in a mixed Turkey oak forest during their early-phase regeneration. We measured plant carbon and water exchange with portable IRGA equipment under natural field conditions (canopy gap) and in a climate-controlled (standardized) environment. We analyzed variability and differences in plant gas exchange in relation to important abiotic site parameters and the species as factors. Assimilation, stomatal conductance, and intrinsic water use were applied as calibrating parameters for plant functional fingerprinting to detect carbon-to-water response performance of the saplings. The most favorable water economy during summer and seasonal maximum in carbon uptake during fall evolved as common response characteristics of the species in canopy gaps. Sessile oak (Quercus petraea) was found to be a water-regulated species due to the highest relative ratio of intrinsic water-use efficiency. In contrast, Turkey oak (Q. cerris) and manna ash (Fraxinus ornus) were identified as carbon-driven species presenting a gradual increase in assimilation during their seasonal dynamics. Consequently, we can predict a delayed regeneration of sessile oak and progressive growth of manna ash and Turkey oak in the renewing canopy compared to the initial forest stand. European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis) certainly remain accessory elements due to their unfavorable carbon input ratio and poor water use economy. Explored knowledge on carbon-to-water response behavior of these forest-forming trees can provide a novel contribution to afforestation practices in adaptive forest management.
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