Rechargeable Aqueous Hybrid Zn2+/Al3+ Electrochromic Batteries

Li, Haizeng; Firby, C. J.; Elezzabi, A. Y.

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2019.06.021

Cited by 225 publications

(260 citation statements)

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“…To analyze the phase composition of the as-synthesized vanadium oxide nanoparticles, the colloidal suspension was dried at room temperature and characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement. The high-resolution TEM image, inset in Figure 1e, shows clear lattice fringes of 1.91 and 2.92 Å correspond to the and (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) planes, respectively. 00-028-1433) phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] However, operation of traditional electrochromic displays requires external voltages to trigger the coloration/bleaching processes, which makes the traditional electrochromic displays far from a netzero energy-consumption technology. [6,7] The electrochromic battery exhibits self-coloration behaviors and eliminates the external voltage requirement for triggering the coloration process. [6,7] The electrochromic battery exhibits self-coloration behaviors and eliminates the external voltage requirement for triggering the coloration process.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[6,7] The electrochromic battery exhibits self-coloration behaviors and eliminates the external voltage requirement for triggering the coloration process. [6,7] The electrochromic battery exhibits self-coloration behaviors and eliminates the external voltage requirement for triggering the coloration process.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electrochromic Battery Displays with Energy Retrieval Functions Using Solution‐Processable Colloidal Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles

Zhang

Al‐Hussein

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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for developing bistable displays due to their zero-energy consumption while maintaining a colored or colorless state. [3] However, operation of traditional electrochromic displays requires external voltages to trigger the coloration/bleaching processes, which makes the traditional electrochromic displays far from a netzero energy-consumption technology. The majority of the current electrochromic display research has focused on developing nanostructure electrochromic materials for fast switchings [4,5] without paying attention to how to reduce the consumed energy of the electrochromic displays.Recently, we developed a promising Zn-based electrochromic battery technology for smart windows. [6,7] The electrochromic battery exhibits self-coloration behaviors and eliminates the external voltage requirement for triggering the coloration process. The aqueous compatible Zn anode implements a much lower charged/bleached voltage for the electrochromic battery compared to the Li-and Al-based electrochromic batteries. [8][9][10] The lower charged/bleached potential indicates a lower energy consumption during the bleaching process. As such, the Zn-based aqueous electrochromic battery platform is an energy-efficient technology for reducing the energy consumption of electrochromic devices. To date, no reports exist on the utilization of electrochromic battery systems for developing energy-efficient electrochromic displays.Electrochromic materials play an important role in the development of electrochromic battery displays. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) have shown excellent electrochromic properties due to their remarkable multivalence states and the corresponding color evolutions. [11][12][13][14][15] Among the TMOs, vanadium oxide is considered the most promising material for electrochromic displays because of its multicolor behaviors. [16][17][18] However, the low electrical conductivity, significant volume expansion during cycling, and the slow reaction kinetics of bulk vanadium oxide prevent its widespread use. [19,20] In recent years, nanosized vanadium oxides have been studied to mediate these drawbacks because nanostructures provide abundant active sites on the surface and shorten the diffusion paths of ions. [20] Techniques, such as electrodeposition, [19] Electrochromic displays have attracted increased attention owing to their reversible switch of multicolors. However, the external voltage requirement for triggering the color switching makes them far from an optimum energyefficient technology. The newly developed electrochromic batteries eliminate the energy consumption for coloration while they can retrieve the consumed energy for bleaching. Such features make the electrochromic battery technology the most promising technology for energy-efficient electrochromic displays. Here, a scalable method to synthesize colloidal V 3 O 7 nanoparticles is presented, which is compatible with solution-process techniques for aqueous Zn-V 3 O 7 electrochromic battery displays. The Zn-V 3 O 7 electrochromic battery display shows an ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochromic Battery Displays with Energy Retrieval Functions Using Solution‐Processable Colloidal Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles

Zhang

Al‐Hussein

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…Through a series of extensive measurements it was shown that in the mixed electrolyte Al 3+ ions are favored to intercalate into WO 3 . 56 Here, EDX analysis of a device at different cycles of a life span shows no indication for species build up at the surface (Table S2 †). EDX analysis of an electrochromic device cycled for one time and 2000 times (postmortem) shows no indication for salt scale formation or buildup of other precipices, as the atomic concentration relation of Zn to Al stays unchanged.…”

Section: ) †)mentioning

confidence: 87%

Rechargeable Zn^2+/Al³⁺ dual-ion electrochromic device with long life time utilizing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-nanocluster modified hydrogel electrolytes

Hopmann

Adulhakem

2019

RSC Adv.

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Despite recent advances in hydrogel electrolytes for flexible electrochemical energy storage, ion conductors still exhibit some major shortcomings including low ionic conductivity and short lifetimes. As such, for applications in electrochromic batteries, a transparent, highly conductive electrolyte based on a dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) modified polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel is being developed and implemented in a dual-ion Zn 2+ /Al 3+ electrochromic device consisting of a Zn anode and WO 3 cathode.Gelation in a DMSO : H 2 O mixed solvent leads to highly increased electrolyte retention in the hydrogel and prolonged life time for ionic conduction. The hydrogel-based electrochromic device offers a specific charge capacity of 16.9 mAh cm À2 at a high current density of 200 mA cm À2 while retaining 100% coulombic efficiency over 200 charge-discharge cycles. While the DMSO-modified electrolyte shows ionic conductivities up to 27 mS cm À1 at room temperature, the formation of DMSO : H 2 O nanoclusters enables ionic conduction even at temperatures as low as À15 C and retention of ionic conduction over more than 4 weeks. Furthermore, the electrochromic WO 3 cathode gives the device a controllable absorption with up to 80% change in transparency. Based on low-cost, earth abundant materials like W (tungsten), Zn (zinc) and Al (aluminum) and a scalable fabrication process, the introduced hydrogel-based electrochromic device shows great potential for next-generation flexible and wearable energy storage systems.

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“…As a result, the Al electrode is continuously oxidized and consumed during coloring/bleaching (i.e., charging/discharging) cycling, leading to a high polarization (≈0.8 V) as well as a short lifetime (only 50 coloring/bleaching cycles are demonstrated). During this study, Li et al reported Mo/Ti:WO 3 /Zn and WO 3 /Zn EC devices to overcome the problems relating to Al anodes. These devices demonstrate remarkably improved switching time, optical modulation, and areal capacities, but the average discharge voltages (<0.6 V) and cycling stability (100–200 cycles) are still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Long‐Life Battery‐Type Electrochromic Window with Remarkable Energy Storage Ability

et al. 2020

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Electrochromic (EC) windows with controllable transmittances according to ambient temperature and solar irradiation strength are highly desired for energy‐efficient buildings. However, traditional EC windows operate via consuming electrical energy to trigger the chromogenic reactions, with negligible energy storage ability. Herein, a facile battery‐type Prussian blue (PB, Fe4III[FeII(CN)6]3)/Zn EC window with excellent EC properties (transmittance modulation = 84.9% at 633 nm), remarkable energy storage ability (average output voltage = 1.24 V and areal capacity = 78.9 mAh m−2), fast switching time (tbleaching = 4.1 s and tcoloring = 4.6 s), as well as an ultralong cycling lifetime (7000 cycles with 60.7% capacity retention and 92.7% transmittance modulation retention) is reported, thanks to the rational electrode and electrolyte design. As an EC window, this device can effectively promote energy efficiency and occupational comfort of buildings by regulating visible light transmittance. As a battery, this device can work as backup power or a component of smart grids, making the buildings more sustainable and functional. The design concept of this bifunctional device is helpful to further the development of next‐generation EC windows.

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Rechargeable Aqueous Hybrid Zn2+/Al3+ Electrochromic Batteries

Cited by 225 publications

References 40 publications

Electrochromic Battery Displays with Energy Retrieval Functions Using Solution‐Processable Colloidal Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles

Electrochromic Battery Displays with Energy Retrieval Functions Using Solution‐Processable Colloidal Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles

Rechargeable Zn^2+/Al³⁺ dual-ion electrochromic device with long life time utilizing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-nanocluster modified hydrogel electrolytes

A Long‐Life Battery‐Type Electrochromic Window with Remarkable Energy Storage Ability

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Rechargeable Aqueous Hybrid Zn2+/Al3+ Electrochromic Batteries

Cited by 225 publications

References 40 publications

Electrochromic Battery Displays with Energy Retrieval Functions Using Solution‐Processable Colloidal Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles

Electrochromic Battery Displays with Energy Retrieval Functions Using Solution‐Processable Colloidal Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles

Rechargeable Zn2+/Al3+ dual-ion electrochromic device with long life time utilizing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-nanocluster modified hydrogel electrolytes

A Long‐Life Battery‐Type Electrochromic Window with Remarkable Energy Storage Ability

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Rechargeable Zn^2+/Al³⁺ dual-ion electrochromic device with long life time utilizing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-nanocluster modified hydrogel electrolytes