Recent Updates of Clinical Guidelines in Diagnosis of Meniere’s Disease: Review Article

Abstract

Background: Meniere's disease (MD) is a peripheral vestibular disorder presented presented with fluctuating aural symptoms (fullness, tinnitus and hearing loss). In addition to recurrent spontaneous vertigo lasting between few minutes to several hours. Based on these symptoms, there are two categories of MD: definite and probable. Objective: The objective of this review article is to present an overview about recent methods for diagnosis of MD. Methods: We looked for data on Meniere's disease, Tinnitus, Vertigo, and Electrocochleography in medical journals and databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. However, only the most recent or extensive study was taken into account between February 2015 and January 2023. References from related works were also evaluated by the authors. There are not enough resources to translate documents into languages other than English, hence those documents have been ignored. It was generally agreed that documents such as unpublished manuscripts, oral presentations, conference abstracts, and dissertations did not qualify as legitimate scientific study. Conclusion: MD is diagnosed clinically since it typically manifests as unilateral ear problems that might remain for decades. Attacks from MD are sporadic and episodic, with remissions in between. As there is no definitive vestibular testing for MD, these tests are typically carried out to rule out disorders with similar symptoms.