Recent trends in ZikV research: A step away from cure

Alam, Aftab; Imam, Nikhat; Farooqui, Anam; Ali, Shahnawaz; Malik, Md. Zubbair; Ishrat, Romana

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.045

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The genome of ZIKV consists of a single-stranded positive sense RNA, which encodes a single polypeptide [ 2 , 3 ]. The single polypeptide is processed by viral and host proteases to form mature viral proteins, including three structural proteins [core (C), pre-membrane (prM), and envelope (E)] and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5) [ 4 ]. ZIKV (strain MR766) was first isolated from sentinel rhesus monkeys in the Zika forest of Uganda in 1947 [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICR suckling mouse model of Zika virus infection for disease modeling and drug validation

Tseng

Lin

et al. 2018

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundZika virus (ZIKV) infection causes diseases ranging from acute self-limiting febrile illness to life-threatening Guillain–Barré Syndrome and other neurological disorders in adults. Cumulative evidence suggests an association between ZIKV infection and microcephaly in newborn infants. Given the host-range restrictions of the virus, a susceptible animal model infected by ZIKV must be developed for evaluation of vaccines and antivirals. In this study, we propose a convenient mouse model for analysis of neurological disorders caused by ZIKV.MethodologySix-day-old immunocompetent ICR suckling mice were used in the experiment. Different inoculum virus concentrations, challenge routes, and challenge times were assessed. Viremic dissemination was determined in the liver, spleen, kidney, and brain through Western blot assay, plaque assay, absolute quantification real-time PCR, and histological observation. Azithromycin, a well-characterized anti-ZIKV compound, was used to evaluate the ICR suckling mouse model for antiviral testing.ConclusionsSigns of illness and neurological disease and high mortality rate were observed in mice injected with ZIKV intracerebrally (102 to 105) and intraperitoneally (103 to 105). Viremic dissemination was observed in the liver, spleen, kidney, and brain. ZIKV transmitted, rapid replicated, and induced monocyte infiltration into the brain approximately 5 to 6 days post inoculum. Azithromycin conferred protection against ZIKV-caused neurological and life-threatening diseases. The developed model of ZIKV infection and disease can be used for screening drugs against ZIKV and discovering the underlying mechanism of ZIKV pathogenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICR suckling mouse model of Zika virus infection for disease modeling and drug validation

Tseng

Lin

et al. 2018

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…There are main four transmission sources of ZIKV have been reported till now i.e. i) through mosquito bites; ii) human to human transmission; iii) through blood transfusion; and iv) animal to human transmission . Antigens and antibodies against these viruses have been isolated from various nonhuman primates that showing animals also as reservoir for this virus (Table ) .…”

Section: Vectors and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aspirin and other anti‐inflammatory drugs are not recommended because of having the risk of bleeding complications. Different repurposed therapeutic agents and effective compounds and few drugs are in tested phase for the treatment of ZIKV infections . FDA approved different effective nucleosides inhibitors (Sofosbuvir, 20‐C‐methylated nucleosides, 7‐deaza‐20‐C‐methyladenosine, 20‐C‐ethynyl analog of 50‐triphosphates, 20‐fluoro‐2‐C‐methyl‐UTP, and Active metabolite) have been found effective against ZIKV by causing premature termination of RNA synthesis, viral receptor and entry inhibition .…”

Section: Treatment and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus: what we need to know?

et al. 2017

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Zika virus is one of the emerging viruses and is of significant threat to human health globally. It is a mosquito borne flavivirus similar to dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile viruses. It was reported about 5 decades ago and then it spreads to different parts of the world. Large outbreaks were reported on Yap Islands in 2007. Now it has gained wide attention globally by health communities. Major vector for virus transmission is Aedes aegypti mosquito. ZIKV infection is mostly asymptomatic but it is also responsible to cause mild influenza like illness to serious manifestations. There is no specific anti‐viral treatment is available for ZIKV infection. The virus disseminates very fast due to which it possesses a serious threat especially in those areas where there is lack of specific immunity against virus. Little knowledge is available on its transmission and pathogenicity. Although virus was discovered years ago but its genomic structure is not clearly understood yet. In this review we focus on the current knowledge of epidemiology of ZIKV, its transmission, its structural biology, different aspects of diagnosis and diagnostic challenges as well as highlighted appropriates antiviral drugs and vaccines regarding treatment.

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“…It also causes bleeding both internally and externally which lead to high risk of death and killing 90% of infected people due to low blood pressure from body fluids [11]. The severity of symptoms of EVD compared with ZikV [12], Dengue, Chikungunya and West Nile are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Clinical Features and Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the antagonist Ebola: A prophylactic approach

Khan

Qazi

Tanveer

et al. 2017

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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Ebola virus (EBOV), a member of Filoviridae virus family under the genus Ebolavirus, has emerged as a dangerous and potential threat to human health globally. It causes a severe and deadly hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals, called Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). In recent outbreaks of EVD, there has been loss of large numbers of individual's life. Therefore, EBOV has attracted researchers and increased interests in developing new models for virus evolution, and therapies. The EBOV interacts with the immune system of the host which led to understand how the virus functions and effects immune system behaviour. This article presents an exhaustive review on Ebola research which includes EVD illness, symptoms, transmission patterns, patho-physiology conditions, development of antiviral agents and vaccines, resilient health system, dynamics and mathematical model of EBOV, challenges and prospects for future studies.

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Recent trends in ZikV research: A step away from cure

Cited by 27 publications

References 51 publications

ICR suckling mouse model of Zika virus infection for disease modeling and drug validation

ICR suckling mouse model of Zika virus infection for disease modeling and drug validation

Zika virus: what we need to know?

A review on the antagonist Ebola: A prophylactic approach

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