Recent Technological and Methodological Advances for the Investigation of Submarine Landslides

Abstract

Submarine landslides have attracted widespread attention, with the continuous development of ocean engineering. Due to the recent developments of in-situ investigation and modelling techniques of submarine landslides, significant improvements were achieved in the evolution studies on submarine landslides. The general characteristics of typical submarine landslides in the world are analyzed. Based on this, three stages of submarine landslide disaster evolution are proposed, namely, the submarine slope instability evolution stage, the large deformation landslide movement stage, and the stage of submarine landslide deposition. Given these three stages, the evolution process of submarine landslide disaster is revealed from the perspectives of in-situ investigation techniques, physical simulation, and numerical simulation methods, respectively. For long-term investigation of submarine landslides, an in-situ monitoring system with long-term service and multi-parameter collaborative observation deserves to be developed. The mechanism of submarine landslide evolution and the early warning factors need to be further studied by physical modelling experiments. The whole process of the numerical simulation of submarine landslides, from seabed instability to large deformation sliding to the impact on marine structures, and economizing the computational costs of models by advanced techniques such as parallel processing and GPU-accelerators, are the key development directions in numerical simulation. The current research deficiencies and future development directions in the subject of submarine landslides are proposed to provide a useful reference for the prediction and early warning of submarine landslide disasters.

Deep seabed mining: Frontiers in engineering geology and environment

“…In general, evaluating the engineering geology environment requires an on-site investigation, collection of corresponding data (including historical data), and development of an evaluation report (Guzzetti et al 2005;Fell et al 2008;Shano et al 2020;Xie et al 2022;Guo et al 2023b, c;Shan et al 2022;Dong et al 2022Dong et al , 2023. The evaluation report should describe the characteristics of the regional engineering geology environment as well as identify and evaluate geologic disasters and the corresponding mitigation measures (Aurelio 2004).…”

An implicit locking‐free B‐spline Material Point Method for large strain geotechnical modelling

“…1 Some other comprehensive reviews of numerical modelling for large deformation in geotechnics can be found in Refs. [2][3][4][5] In MPM, the material domain is discretised in material points that can be treated as integration points in FEM. 6 To solve the distorted mesh issue in FEM, the mesh is set to its original position in MPM at each time step, and the material points carry all the permanent information (e.g.…”

“…Some other comprehensive reviews of numerical modelling for large deformation in geotechnics can be found in Refs. 2–5…”

Assessment of dam function deterioration due to landslide-debris flows: numerical modeling based on vegetation distribution scenarios

“…The Navier-Stokes equation or the shallow-water equation is generally applied to the analysis of debris flow, and FLO-2D (O'Brien et al, 1993), DAN (Hungr, 1995), RAMMS (Christen et al, 2010), r.avaflow (Mergili et al, 2017), and Deb2D (An et al, 2019) are among the representative models. In addition, models that comprehensively analyze landslides and debris flows are being developed and introduced (Hong et al, 2020;Liu and He, 2020;Nian et al, 2021;Shan et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2023). In these combined models, the landslide collapse area is calculated through slope stability analysis based on time-varying rainfall data.…”