Recent Studies of the Biology of Trypanosoma vivax

Gardiner, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60334-6

Cited by 120 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 222 publications

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“…However, it can also be mechanically transmitted by other biting flies, and has therefore been able to spread beyond the African tsetse belt to Central and South America in recent centuries (Gardiner, 1989 ;Gardiner and Mahmoud, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

et al. 2006

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S U M M A R YThe taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax are controversial. It is generally suggested that South American, and East and West African isolates could be classified as subspecies or species allied to T. vivax. This is the first phylogenetic study to compare South American isolates (Brazil and Venezuela) with West/East African T. vivax isolates. Phylogeny using ribosomal sequences positioned all T. vivax isolates tightly together on the periphery of the clade containing all Salivarian trypanosomes. The same branching of isolates within T. vivax clade was observed in all inferred phylogenies using different data sets of sequences (SSU, SSU plus 5.8S or whole ITS rDNA). T. vivax from Brazil, Venezuela and West Africa (Nigeria) were closely related corroborating the West African origin of South American T. vivax, whereas a large genetic distance separated these isolates from the East African isolate (Kenya) analysed. Brazilian isolates from cattle asymptomatic or showing distinct pathology were highly homogeneous. This study did not disclose significant polymorphism to separate West African and South American isolates into different species/subspecies and indicate that the complexity of T. vivax in Africa and of the whole subgenus Trypanosoma (Duttonella) might be higher than previously believed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

et al. 2006

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“…Since, the production of T. vivax antigens is a limiting factor (Desquesnes and Tresse, 1996) as this parasite is very difficult to propagate in experimental animal models (Gardiner, 1989), our aim has been to identify and isolate antigens from T. evansi that are responsible for this cross-reaction. Recently, the predominant 64 kDa glycosylated cross-reacting antigen (p64) was purified from the TEVA1 T. evansi isolate (Uzcanga et al, 2002) and identified as the soluble form of a variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) (Uzcanga et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of two antigens from Trypanosoma evansi that are partially responsible for its cross-reactivity with Trypanosoma vivax

Camargo

Uzcanga

Bubis

2004

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…In 7: cruzi, however, the evidence supports the existence of a single, high-affinity transporter in all life cycle stages (Tetaud et al, 1994). No comparable data exist on the kinetics of glucose uptake in Nannomonas or Duttonella and, although these parasites metabolise glucose similar to 7: cruzi and Leishmania (Bowman and Flynn, 1976), much of their biochemistry has been inferred on the basis of work conducted with 7: brucei (Gardiner, 1989). Such generalized assumptions may be invalid considering that these parasites have an active Krebs cycle in both the bloodstream and insect stages.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, parasites such as 7: vivax show many peculiar properties distinguishing them from other trypanosomes (Bowman and Flynn, 1976;Vickerman and Evans, 1974). For example, 7: vivax has very rapid vibrational forward movements which are presumably accomplished at considerable energy cost (Gardiner, 1989). The surface coat is less dense than for T. brucei; it has fastidious growth requirements in culture and is relatively fragile when subject to experimental manipulation.…”

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Glucose uptake in Trypanosoma vivax and Molecular Characterization of its Transporter Gene

Waitumbi

Tétaud

Baltz

1996

European Journal of Biochemistry

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A gene, TvHTl, encoding a glucose transporter protein, has been cloned from the haemoflagellate protozoon, Trypanosomu vivax, which has an active Kreb's cycle in the mammalian stage. The deduced polypeptide is similar in amino acid sequence to other kinetoplastid hexose transporters from Trypanosoma brucei (THTI and THT2), Trypanosoma cruzi (TcrHTl) and Leishmania (Pro-I). The similarity is higher with THT2 (expressed in 7: brucei insect forms) than with the other isoforms. The kinetic properties of glucose uptake in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells expressing TvHTl and in trypanosomes show a saturable transport mechanism typical of a facilitated carrier system, with a similar affinity for D-glucose as that of the T. brucei bloodstream form carrier, THTI (K,, = 0.548i0.01 mM, V,,, = 4.2620.12 nmol . min-' . mg protein-' in CHO cells and K,,, = 0.58Si0.068 mM, V,,,,, = 88.5 -C 6.2 nmol . min-l . mg protein-~' in T. vivax). The specificity of the TvHTl protein for various Dglucose analogues, as judged by inhibition of 2-deoxy-~-arahinose-kexose transport, shows properties that are intermediate between those of THTl on the one hand and TcrHTl and THT2 on the other. As with the hexose transporters in the other members of Kinetoplastida, the TvHT1-encoded system differs from erythrocyte-type glucose transport by its moderate sensitivity to cytochalasin B and its capacity to transport fructose.

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Recent Studies of the Biology of Trypanosoma vivax

Cited by 120 publications

References 222 publications

The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma vivax from South America and Africa

Isolation of two antigens from Trypanosoma evansi that are partially responsible for its cross-reactivity with Trypanosoma vivax

Glucose uptake in Trypanosoma vivax and Molecular Characterization of its Transporter Gene

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