Recent Progress on the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells in a Humid Environment

Abstract

In recent years, photovoltaic devices based on inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite materials have become one of the most promising research subjects in the field of energy conversion. CH3NH3PbI3 stands out among a wide variety of perovskite structural materials with the advantages of a suitable band structure, small exciton binding energy, long carrier diffusion distance, and so on. Unfortunately, the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite undergoes severe degradation under humid conditions, which limits the service life of the device. To address this issue, researchers have recently discovered that the humidity stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be improved through doping or interfacial engineering. Here, we have reviewed the state of the research progress in improving the humidity stability of PSCs, including (a) improving the structural stability of perovskite material itself by doping or element substitutions; (b) interface engineering between the hole transport layer and the perovskite active layer; (c) interface modification between the electron transport layer and the perovskite layer; and (d) encapsulation. The strategy of improving the humidity stability of CH3NH3PbI3 by optimizing the device structure and developing new materials is summarized. We also make constructive suggestions for improving the stability of PSCs in humid environments.

Investigation of Opto-Electronic Properties and Stability of Mixed-Cation Mixed-Halide Perovskite Materials with Machine-Learning Implementation

“…The intrinsic degradation mechanisms concern pristine perovskite materials subjected to temperature [3] and illumination [4], while extrinsic degradation mechanisms are determined by foreign species and molecules such as oxygen [5,6] and water [7]. These are typically addressed by chemical engineering, most notably, using mixtures of cations [8] and halogens [9], doping and passivation [10].…”

Impact of Potential‐Induced Degradation on Different Architecture‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells

“…However, intrinsic and extrinsic stabilities and long-term performance under real field operational conditions still possess threats toward the full-fledged commercialization of technologies. [6][7][8] PSC operational stability is often affected by factors such as light, moisture, temperature, oxygen, and intrinsic defects. [7,8] To achieve commercial viability, PSCs need to qualify long sustainable lifetime, high efficiency, and low-cost factors to ascertain PV markets.…”

“…[6][7][8] PSC operational stability is often affected by factors such as light, moisture, temperature, oxygen, and intrinsic defects. [7,8] To achieve commercial viability, PSCs need to qualify long sustainable lifetime, high efficiency, and low-cost factors to ascertain PV markets. [9,10] The serious challenge includes device long-term stability under realistic operation conditions considering environmental impact as most of the established photovoltaic modules are anticipated to operate in the field for 25 years.…”

Application of MXenes in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Short Review

“…Currently, a great deal of research is focused on optimizing the performance and enhancing the stability of PSCs. Various approaches have been reported for performance and stability improvement of PSCs such as use of solar concentrators, spectral modification, bandgap engineering, interfacial passivation and modification, solvent manipulation, additive manufacturing, compositional engineering and use of novel materials [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”