Recent Progress of Layer‐by‐layer Assembly, Free‐Standing Film and Hydrogel Based on Polyelectrolytes

Abstract

Nowadays, polyelectrolytes play an essential role in the development of new materials. Their use allows creating new properties of materials and surfaces and vary them in a wide range. Basically, modern methods are divided into three areas—the process of layer‐by‐layer deposition, free‐standing films, and hydrogels based on polyelectrolytes. Layer‐by‐layer assembly of polyelectrolytes on various surfaces is a powerful technique. It allows giving surfaces new properties, for example, protect them from corrosion. Free‐standing films are essential tools for the design of membranes and sensors. Hydrogels based on polyelectrolytes have recently shown their applicability in electrical and materials science. The creation of new materials and components with controlled properties can be achieved using polyelectrolytes. This review focuses on new technologies that have been developed with polyelectrolytes over the last five years.

Emerging smart design of electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A review

“…Thus, cost‐effective manufacturing technologies are desirable and practically necessary to realize the successful transitioning of MSCs based on the smart design of electrodes from the lab to the commercial market in the near future. Electrolyte infiltration. The current rapid development of solid‐state electrolytes and ionic liquid electrolytes has fully expanded the range of electrolyte options and satisfied the needs of electrolytes in different application scenarios 120,121 . Particularly, solid‐state electrolyte has obtained much popularity in the realm of MSCs manufacturing (Table 1) due to its capability of easy processing and no leakage issues of organic solvents 45,122 .…”

“…Electrolyte infiltration. The current rapid development of solid‐state electrolytes and ionic liquid electrolytes has fully expanded the range of electrolyte options and satisfied the needs of electrolytes in different application scenarios 120,121 . Particularly, solid‐state electrolyte has obtained much popularity in the realm of MSCs manufacturing (Table 1) due to its capability of easy processing and no leakage issues of organic solvents 45,122 .…”

“…(ii) Electrolyte infiltration. The current rapid development of solid-state electrolytes and ionic liquid electrolytes has fully expanded the range of electrolyte options and satisfied the needs of electrolytes in different application scenarios 120,121.…”

Free-Standing Multilayer Films as Growth Factor Reservoirs for Future Wound Dressing Applications

“…In recent years the application of the technique was extended to the construction of detachable free-standing PEM films [23]. Such films can be prepared to a thickness in mm scale enabled by automatic dip or spray coating processes [24]. The substrate supported PEM films are freed either by dissolution of a sacrificial layer or by peeling off leading to the formation of free-standing films (FSF) [25].…”

“…The substrate supported PEM films are freed either by dissolution of a sacrificial layer or by peeling off leading to the formation of free-standing films (FSF) [25]. Advantages of LbL technique as bottom-up process are that it is simple, cost effective and allows great customizability [24]. PEMs possess high loading capacities for biomolecules, drugs or metal ions and enable release time spans from weeks to months [26,27].…”