Recent Progress of Chronic Stress in the Development of Atherosclerosis

Abstract

With the development of the times, cardiovascular diseases have become the biggest cause of death in the global aging society, causing a serious social burden. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which can occur in large and medium-sized blood vessels in the whole body. It takes atherosclerotic plaque as the typical pathological change and endothelial injury as the core pathophysiological mechanism. It is the pathological basis of coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other diseases. Recent studies have shown that chronic stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, endothelial injury, lipid metabolism, and chronic inflammation. This process involves a large number of molecular targets. It is usually the cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. If chronic stress factors exist for a long time, patients have genetic susceptibility, and the combination of environmental factors triggers the pathogenesis, which may eventually lead to complete blockage of the blood vessels, unstable rupture of plaques, and serious adverse cardiovascular events. This paper reviews the role of chronic stress in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, focusing on the pathophysiological mechanism.

Chronic unpredictable mild stress promotes atherosclerosis via adipose tissue dysfunction in ApoE-/- mice

“…Chronic stress-induced depression is widely recognized as a public health issue ( Lages et al, 2021 ). Accumulating evidence indicates that chronic stress, particularly chronic psychological stress, is a primary risk factor for atherosclerotic diseases ( Gao & Wang, 2022 ; Gu et al, 2019 ; Yao et al, 2019 ). According to recent research, chronic stress is critically involved in the onset and progression of endothelial injury, dysregulated lipid metabolic diseases, and chronic inflammation ( Gao & Wang, 2022 ).…”

“…Accumulating evidence indicates that chronic stress, particularly chronic psychological stress, is a primary risk factor for atherosclerotic diseases ( Gao & Wang, 2022 ; Gu et al, 2019 ; Yao et al, 2019 ). According to recent research, chronic stress is critically involved in the onset and progression of endothelial injury, dysregulated lipid metabolic diseases, and chronic inflammation ( Gao & Wang, 2022 ). However, the mechanism via which chronic stress results in the development of atherosclerosis has not been elucidated yet.…”

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