Recent progress of catalyst ink for roll-to-roll manufacturing paired with slot die coating for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Liu, Pengcheng; Yang, Daijun; Li, Bing; Zhang, Cumman; Ming, Pingwen

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.02.022

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…190,191 Among the several types of R2R coating, slot die coating (SDC) is a preferable choice for CCM manufacture as it is compatible with ink slurry of various rheology and the CL thickness can be precisely controlled. 192 In SDC, the substrate is continuously moving while ink slurry is extruded from the slot die and fills the gap between the substrate and die head (Figure 16a). 193 Followed by the coating process, the wet coated substrate is dried and finally collected as a roll in a rewinder.…”

Section: Roll To Roll Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roll to roll (R2R) is the most promising fabrication approach that can meet the cost and volume target set by the growing demand for PEMWE in the near future. R2R has been proven viable in other energy devices, such as organic photovoltaics, , perovskite solar cells, and fuel cells. , Among the several types of R2R coating, slot die coating (SDC) is a preferable choice for CCM manufacture as it is compatible with ink slurry of various rheology and the CL thickness can be precisely controlled . In SDC, the substrate is continuously moving while ink slurry is extruded from the slot die and fills the gap between the substrate and die head (Figure a) .…”

Section: Catalyst Coating Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anode Engineering for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Qiu,

Xu,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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Sustainable hydrogen (H 2 ) production via water electrolysis is one of the most critical pathways to decarbonize the chemical industry. Among various electrolyzer technologies, proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer (PEMWE) is widely regarded as having a great advantage and promise for large-scale H 2 production given its high efficiency, reliable stability, and high output pressure. Though state-of-the-art iridium-based catalysts exhibit satisfying activity and stability for oxygen evolution reaction at the anode, their high loadings, as well as the precious metal coating and titanium bulk of porous transport layer (PTL) and bipolar plates, significantly add to the capital cost of the PEMWE stack. The respective optimization and integration of PTL, catalyst layer (CL) and PEM is critical for enhancing charge transfer, mass transport, and catalyst utilization to lower the operation and capital cost, yet it has not received adequate attention. In this review, anode engineering strategies to rationally design PTL, PTL/CL interface and PEM/CL interface for performance improvement and cost reduction are summarized. Current understandings on PTL material, structure, and two-phase transport properties are first gathered, followed by the discussion of anode interface engineering methods and catalyst coating techniques. Given the raising attention to large-scale water electrolyzers operating at high current densities, this review provides a practical and comprehensive direction for next-generation PEMWE anode design by addressing the integration of key components related to the cost, efficiency and stability issues in PEMWE.

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Section: Roll To Roll Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Catalyst Coating Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anode Engineering for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Qiu,

Xu,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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“…With the advantages of a high fuel energy conversion rate, low noise, and zero emissions, PEMFCs can be widely used in vehicles, such as cars, airplanes, and trains, and stationary power stations [1]. The development of core components in PEMFCs limits the process of scaling up production [2]. The gas diffusion layer (GDL) is between the bipolar plate and the catalyst layer, which is a porous media layer made of carbon fiber as the backbone and carbonized resin material as the binder, with a thickness of about 100-300 µm [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore-Scale Investigation of Mass Transport in Compressed Cathode Gas Diffusion Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Wang,

Yang,

et al. 2023

Crystals

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered a promising energy source in the field of transport and distributed power generation. Fundamental research into their key components is needed to improve PEMFC performance and accelerate commercialization. Binder addition and compression induced by assembly pressure can significantly change the microstructure of the gas diffusion layer and affect mass transport. A two-dimensional multicomponent lattice Boltzmann (LB) model considering the cathode electrochemical reaction was developed, and a GDL was reconstructed numerically and considering a binder structure. The effects of the binder and compression on mass transport and electrochemical performance within the GDL were investigated. The results showed that an increase in binder volume fraction led to more chain-like structures and closed pores that were unfavorable for mass transport. Compression increased the mass transfer resistance of the GDL in the region under the rib, leading to a decrease in oxygen concentration and local current density.

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“…[6][7][8] Industrial-scale continuous production of CCM utilizes a roll-toroll (R2R) process that is highly efficient and cost-effective. 9 However, during continuous production, unwanted variations or defects may occur in the CCM components, which can lower the fuel cell performance and/or cause adverse effects on its lifetime. 10,11 On the laboratory scale, defects or irregularities may be intentionally introduced at specific locations to study their impact on fuel cell performance and lifetime.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Implications of Foreign Metallic Particles in the Membrane Electrode Assembly of a Fuel Cell

Kumar,

Chen,

Bahrami

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Foreign metallic particles unintentionally trapped within the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) may adversely affect quality and yield of high-volume fuel cell production, for instance by damaging the membrane or releasing metallic cation contaminants. The present work aims to understand the impacts of 55±5 µm Fe and SS316L metallic particles present at the membrane - cathode catalyst layer (CCL) interface during fuel cell fabrication, conditioning, and diagnostics. In-situ X-ray computed tomography imaging of particle-laden MEAs within a customized small-scale fuel cell fixture reveals that Fe particles undergo complete dissolution within the first air starve cycle of the conditioning phase. After dissolution, legacy particles are observed to incur considerable damage within the MEA, including void spaces at the membrane-CCL interface, membrane thinning, CCL cracks, and membrane rupture. In stark contrast, the SS316L particles feature negligible dissolution during fuel cell conditioning and diagnostics and remain largely intact, merely causing membrane-CCL delamination in their vicinity. Post-operation chemical analysis by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicates Fe ion concentrations in the range of 800-950 ppm and 10-25 ppm for the Fe and SS316L laden MEAs, respectively, which correlates to visual observations of particle dissolution and slight reductions in fuel cell performance.

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Recent progress of catalyst ink for roll-to-roll manufacturing paired with slot die coating for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 11 publications

References 122 publications

Anode Engineering for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Anode Engineering for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Pore-Scale Investigation of Mass Transport in Compressed Cathode Gas Diffusion Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Quality Implications of Foreign Metallic Particles in the Membrane Electrode Assembly of a Fuel Cell

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