Recent Progress in the Growth and Applications of Graphene as a Smart Material: A Review

Aïssa, Brahim; Memon, Nasir K.; Ali, Adnan; Khraisheh, Marwan

doi:10.3389/fmats.2015.00058

Cited by 104 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…In addition, progress now includes direct graphene fabrication over flexible substrates. There are numerous reviews on the CVD synthesis of graphene and they, for the most part, tend to connect a broad discussion on the synthesis of graphene, its properties and its application2–6 or they remain broad in discussing the synthesis of graphene and focus on a more specific application, for an excellent example, secondary metal ion batteries7 or graphene as a smart material 8. Other reviews may focus on a specific form of graphene such as N doped graphene9 or porous graphene 10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Developments for the Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Graphene

Shi

Tokarska

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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Since the isolation of graphene and numerous demonstrations of its unique properties, the expectations for this material to be implemented in many future commercial applications have been enormous. However, to date, challenges still remain. One of the key challenges is the fabrication of graphene in a manner that satisfies processing requirements. While transfer of graphene can be used, this tends to damage or contaminate it, which degrades its performance. Hence, there is an important drive to grow graphene directly over a number of technologically important materials, viz., different substrate materials, so as to avoid the need for transfer. One of the more successful approaches to synthesis graphene is chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which is well established. Historically, transition metal substrates are used due to their catalytic properties. However, in recent years this has developed to include many nonmetal substrate systems. Moreover, both solid and molten substrate forms have also been demonstrated. In addition, the current trend to progress flexible devices has spurred interest in graphene growth directly over flexible materials surfaces. All these aspects are presented in this review which presents the developments in available substrates for graphene fabrication by CVD, with a focus primarily on large area graphene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Developments for the Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Graphene

Shi

Tokarska

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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“…15 However, in reality, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown graphene is a polycrystalline material, hence contains many defects, and naturally buckles out of the crystalline plane. [16][17][18][19] These defects limit the visibility of the special properties of pristine graphene, but on the other hand have positive effects when graphene is used as an anode material for metal-ion batteries. 20 Study of lattice defects in graphene is of both fundamental and practical relevance, since they are inevitably present in the samples and have direct consequences on the physical and chemical properties, thereby impeding its applications in the semiconductor industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rupture of amorphous grapheneviavoid formation

Jain

Barkema

2018

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Apart from its unique and exciting electronic properties, many sensor based applications of graphene are purely based on its mechanical and structural properties. Here, we report a numerical and analytical study of a void in amorphous (small domain polycrystalline) graphene, and we show that the energetics of the void is a balance between the line tension cost versus the increased area gain. Using the concepts of classical nucleation theory, we show that the critical radius of a void formed in amorphous graphene at constant pressure is simply the ratio of the line tension at the void and the applied pressure. The values of the critical radius of the void for flat and buckled graphene are 3.48 Å and 3.31 Å, respectively, at 2 eV Å-2 pressure. We also show that the dominant finite size correction to the line tension is inversely proportional to the radius of the void in both flat and buckled cases. In contrast to conventional wisdom, with the help of a simple analytical model, we find that the shear modulus sets the lower limit of the line tension in the samples. This makes our study relevant for other two-dimensional amorphous materials such as h-BN, phosphorene, borophene, and transition metal dichalcogenides. Our results are useful for the better understanding of polycrystalline graphene under tension and therefore they have direct implications in the very fascinating field of strain engineering known as "straintronics" to manipulate or improve the properties of graphene.

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“…They have been successfully synthesized by various experimental methods, such as, graphene [4], silicene [5], germanene [6], tinene [7], and transition metal oxides [8]. Such 2D systems are very suitable for studying the novel physical, chemical and material phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-induced diverse quantizations in monolayer and bilayer black phosphorus

Chen

Gumbs

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. B

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Electronic properties of few-layer phosphorenes are investigated by the generalized tight-binding model. They are greatly diversified by the electric and magnetic fields (E z and B z ). The E z -induced gap transition, Dirac cones, oscillatory bands and critical points are present in bilayer system, but absent in monolayer one. The diverse magnetic quantization phenomena cover the coexistent two subgroups of Landau levels, the uniform and non-uniform energy spacings, and the crossing and anti-crossing behaviors. Specifically, the wavefunctions exhibit the dramatic changes between the well-behaved and multi-mode oscillations. The feature-rich energy spectra are reveled in density of states as .many special structures which could be verified from scanning tunneling spectroscopy.

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Recent Progress in the Growth and Applications of Graphene as a Smart Material: A Review

Cited by 104 publications

References 182 publications

Substrate Developments for the Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Graphene

Substrate Developments for the Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Graphene

Rupture of amorphous grapheneviavoid formation

Field-induced diverse quantizations in monolayer and bilayer black phosphorus

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