Recent Progress in Research of Solid Tritium Breeder Materials Li2TiO3: A Review

Xu, Kun; Chen, Qi; Wang, Bo

doi:10.3390/coatings12081053

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(161 reference statements)

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“…The phenomenon of gas swelling, often associated with transmutation nuclear reactions taking place within lithium ceramics, represents a significant concern that can impede the utilization of lithium ceramics as tritium breeding materials. In such instances, the build-up of helium and hydrogen generally takes place within the near-surface layer due to the pronounced mobility of these gases toward the surface [6,7]. These accumulation Ceramics 2024, 7 548 processes typically occur near grain boundaries or within voids formed as a consequence of deformation within the crystal structure [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Surface-Layer Softening Effects in xLi2ZrO3–(1−x)Li4SiO4 Ceramics under Irradiation with He2+ Ions

Shlimas,

Borgekov,

Kadyrzhanov

et al. 2024

Ceramics

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The study investigates alterations in the mechanical and thermophysical properties of ceramics composed of xLi2ZrO3–(1−x)Li4SiO4 as radiation damage accumulates, mainly linked to helium agglomeration in the surface layer. This research is motivated by the potential to develop lithium-containing ceramics characterized by exceptional strength properties and a resistance to the accumulation of radiation damage and ensuing deformation distortions in the near-surface layer. The study of the radiation damage accumulation processes in the near-surface layer was conducted through intense irradiation of ceramics using He2+ ions at a temperature of 700 °C, simulating conditions closely resembling operation conditions. Following this, a correlation between the accumulation of structural modifications (value of atomic displacements) and variations in strength and thermophysical characteristics was established. During the research, it was observed that two-component ceramics exhibit significantly greater resistance to external influences and damage accumulation related to radiation exposure compared to their single-component counterparts. Furthermore, the composition that provides the highest resistance to softening in two-component ceramics is an equal ratio of the components of 0.5Li2ZrO3–0.5Li4SiO4 ceramics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Surface-Layer Softening Effects in xLi2ZrO3–(1−x)Li4SiO4 Ceramics under Irradiation with He2+ Ions

Shlimas,

Borgekov,

Kadyrzhanov

et al. 2024

Ceramics

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“…Concerning the most promising types of fusion fuel, the main fusion fuel used in research and experiments is deuterium-tritium (D-T) fuel [19][20][21] because D-T fusion reactions release a significant amount of energy and occur at lower temperatures (approximately at about 10 keV) compared to other fusion reactions. Although deuterium is an abundant fuel source, it is essential to generate tritium from lithium-containing breeder blankets during neutron irradiation [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Study of the D-T Fuel Burning Rate in Z-Pinch Facilities with Magneto-Inertial Confinement

Bayakhmetov,

Azamatov

2024

Energies

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This paper focuses on the theoretical study of the burning rate of D-T fuel in Z-pinch devices with magneto-inertial confinement. The investigated nuclear fusion process involved fast laser ignition of a mixed D-T fuel contained in a capsule at a temperature of 10 keV, influenced by a strong electromagnetic field. The D-T, D-D, D-3He, 3He-3He, and T-T fusion reactions were employed in the calculations. Based on modern experimental fit data of nuclear fusion reaction rates, the particle and energy balance equations, along with their numerical solutions, were considered, utilizing the ion densities of charged particles such as protons, deuterium, tritium, 3He, and 4He ions. The plasma was in a hot, ultra-dense state, under the quasi-neutrality condition, with initial deuterium and tritium densities of 5×1023 cm−3 and an electron density of 10×1023 cm−3. The ion and electron temperatures were considered equal in this paper. The time dependencies of the ion densities, plasma temperature, energy yield from charged ions and neutrons, fusion power density, and bremsstrahlung radiation loss were investigated.

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“…Variation of the phase composition of ceramics by combining two phases or by the appearance of impurity inclusions in the form of simple oxide compounds in the composition of ceramics, as shown in a number of works [6][7][8], leads to a significant increase in resistance to external influences as well as increased resistance to degradation during operation. An essential role in this is also played by size effects, characterized by the fact that at small grain sizes, there is the formation of a large number of boundary effects, which in turn prevent the diffusion of nuclear reaction products in the structure, thereby preventing them from agglomerating in the cavities and pores of the structure [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Gas Swelling Processes under Irradiation with Protons and He2+ Ions in Li4SiO4–Li2TiO3 Ceramics

Kenzhina,

Kozlovskiy,

Chikhray

et al. 2023

Crystals

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One of the important areas of research in the energy sector is the study of the prospects for using new types of nuclear fuel, including tritium, which is one of the most promising types of fuel for thermonuclear energy. At the same time, for the production of tritium in the required quantities, the one that is the most optimal is the use of blanket materials based on lithium-containing ceramics. This is where tritium is released from lithium under the influence of neutron irradiation. The paper presents the results of an investigation of the influence of two-phase ceramics based on Li4SiO4–Li2TiO3 compounds on the resistance to external influences (mechanical loads) during the accumulation of hydrogen and helium (He2+) in the near-surface layer. The interest in such studies is primarily related to the search for solutions in the field of creating high-strength materials for tritium generation for its further use as nuclear fuel for thermonuclear fusion, as well as to the study of the mechanisms of the influence of different phases on the changes in the strength properties of ceramics, which provides an opportunity to expand fundamental knowledge in this area. The proposed method of obtaining two-phase ceramics by mechanical-chemical mixing and subsequent sintering into spherical particles enables the production of well-structured, high-strength ceramics of specified geometric dimensions (limited only by the dimensions of the mold) with a controlled phase ratio. During the experiments, it was found that increasing the content of Li4SiO4 phase in ceramics leads to an increase in strength characteristics (hardness, resistance to cracking) by 15–20% compared to single-phase ceramics. The most optimal composition of two-phase ceramics with high resistance to destructive embrittlement is the ratio of phases 0.75Li4SiO4–0.25Li2TiO3. One of the factors explaining the increase in resistance to destructive embrittlement under high-dose irradiation for two-phase ceramics is the increased dislocation density and the presence of interphase or intergranular boundaries, the high concentration of which leads to the creation of additional obstacles to the agglomeration of hydrogen and helium in the near-surface layer.

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Recent Progress in Research of Solid Tritium Breeder Materials Li2TiO3: A Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 134 publications

Study of the Surface-Layer Softening Effects in xLi2ZrO3–(1−x)Li4SiO4 Ceramics under Irradiation with He2+ Ions

Study of the Surface-Layer Softening Effects in xLi2ZrO3–(1−x)Li4SiO4 Ceramics under Irradiation with He2+ Ions

Theoretical Study of the D-T Fuel Burning Rate in Z-Pinch Facilities with Magneto-Inertial Confinement

Study of Gas Swelling Processes under Irradiation with Protons and He2+ Ions in Li4SiO4–Li2TiO3 Ceramics

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