Recent progress in molecular genetics and omics-driven research in seed biology

Abstract

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Seed longevity and genome damage

“…Desiccation tolerance is established during seed maturation on the mother plant through the programmed expression of cellular factors that protect against stresses associated with dehydration and rehydration. Seed maturation is promoted by the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and is under the control of LAFL transcription factors ( L EC2, A BI3, F US3 and L EC1) [ 8 ]. Production of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins and sugars in the final phase of seed development protects cytoplasmic components in the dry seeds and confers desiccation tolerance [ 9 ].…”

Specialized metabolite modifications in Brassicaceae seeds and plants: diversity, functions and related enzymes

“…Camelina sativa and Brassica napus) are major sources of plant-based proteins, oils, starch and mineral elements. 3,24,28,201 Brassicaceae seeds also constitute a large reservoir of SMs, including many phenylpropanoids and GSLs, with a wide range of biological functions with both benecial and anti-nutritional effects that remain to be studied and that are important for their agronomic, physiological, nutritional and/or industrial qualities. 23,159,202 While in many Brassicaceae species the embryo is very likely the largest reservoir of SMs, seed coat and endosperm accumulate specic classes of SMs, with important functions in seed adaptation to the environment and that determine seed quality.…”

“…This is the case of tannins, which can interact with proteins and reduce the availability of amino acids. 201,205 Moreover, GSL are as well considered antinutritional SMs that negatively affected oil quality of Brassicaceae species, such as rapeseed. 206 GSL proles are quite different among Brassicaceae species, A. thaliana and B. napus have short-chain aliphatic (C3 to C8) and benzyl GSL (Fig.…”

“…Seeds are the main vectors for improvement of agronomical practices and the management of genetic resources, two major factors for the development of sustainable agriculture and the preservation of biodiversity. 201 Brassicaceae seeds ( e.g. Camelina sativa and Brassica napus ) are major sources of plant-based proteins, oils, starch and mineral elements.…”

Multi-omic analyses unveil contrasting composition and spatial distribution of specialized metabolites in seeds ofCamelina sativaand other Brassicaceae

“…Various SMs are widely accumulated in seeds of Brassicaceae model and crop species, which thus constitute an interesting model to study SMs diversity and functions (Corso et al, 2020; Corso et al, 2021; Baud et al, 2023). Major metabolic classes that are accumulated in seeds of Brassicaceae species, including the model species Arabidopsis thaliana and the crops Camelina sativa and Brassica napus (rapeseed), are the nitrogen-containing compounds glucosinolates, and many phenylpropanoids, including flavonols, proanthocyanidins (PAs, or condensed tannins), cinnamic acids and monolignols (Halkier and Gershenzon, 2006; Quéro et al, 2016; Barreda et al, 2024a).…”