Recent Ostracods of the Superfamilies Cytheroidea and Darwinuloidea (Crustacea) from Lake Biwa, a Japanese Ancient Lake

Abstract

Seven species of the estracod superfamily Cytheroldea and four species of the superfamily Darwinuloidea were recovered firom Lake Biwa in west-central Japan. Four of the cytheroidean species are newly described herein, all belonging to the genus Limnoqythere: L, katniyai sp, nov., L, fude sp, nov., L. gevigatus sp, nov,, and L. mphotna sp, nov. Two ethers are new records for Lake Biwa, namely Limnoaythere stationis Vavra, 1891 and Migtampris digitifornzis Smith and Hiruta, 2004, The four newly described Limnoc;ythere species may be an exarnple of a small endemic speeies flock. Ofthe Darwinuloidea recovered, two species, Darwinula stevensoni (Brady and Robertson, 1870) and Vbstagenula sp., have been previously recorded from the lake. Vestalenula sp. is herein identified as V aylindrica (Straub, 1952), which was previously known only as a ibssil firom Europe and the Middle East: this is the first report of a living populatton. The two other darwinulid species, also belonging to the genus Vlastalenula, are new records for Japan, namely Vbstalenula lundi (Neale and Victor, 1978) and U molopoensis (Martens and Rossetti, 1997). Their discovery in Lake Biwa dramatically extends the known distribution of all three Vlestalenula species by thousand$ of kilometers and increases the number of darwinulids known in Japan from three to five.

A terrestrial record of climate variation during MIS 11 through multiproxy palaeotemperature reconstructions from Hoxne, UK

“…The calibrations used (Table 3) are from Horne et al (2012a), with two exceptions. In the case of C. lacustris , an adjustment was made to take account of living records in Lake Biwa, Japan (Smith and Janz, 2009), raising the maxima of its mean January and July ranges by 1°C and 3°C, respectively. In the case of Limnocythere suessenbornensis , found in Stratum F and considered to be extinct in Europe, an unpublished calibration of the living North American species Limnocythere friabilis was applied, based on recent work by DJH with Alison Smith (Kent State University, Ohio, USA) that suggests that the two species are synonymous.…”

“…The calibrations used (Table 3) are from Horne et al (2012a), with two exceptions. In the case of C. lacustris, an adjustment was made to take account of living records in Lake Biwa, Japan (Smith and Janz, 2009), raising the maxima of its mean January and July ranges by 1°C and 3°C, respectively. In the case of Limnocythere suessenbornensis, found in Stratum F and from three separate sample assemblages are likewise given in Table 4, the combined MOTR reconstruction being January −8°C to +3°C and July +12°C to +21°C.…”

Piacenzian–Gelasian non‐marine ostracods from the Dunarobba Fossil Forest (Tiberino Basin, Umbria, central Italy)

“…). Recently, it was found living at Lake Biwa (Japan) (Smith & Janz ). In Italy up until now, V. cylindrica has been recovered only from the Piacenzian of Villafranca d'Asti (Piedmont) (Medici ).…”

Nonmarine Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Jeju Island, South Korea, including descriptions of two new species

“…Limnocythere stationis is known across the Palaearctic, including Japan and Korea (Lee et al 2000;Smith and Janz 2009), L. notodonta Várva, 1906 from Indonesia and the Seychelles (Várva 1906;McKenzie 1971), and L. dorsosicula De Deckker, 1981from Australia (De Deckker 1981. Limnocythere cyphoma Smith and Janz, 2009, L. fude Smith and Janz, 2009, L. kamiyai Smith and Janz, 2009, and L. levigatus Smith and Janz, 2009 are currently only known from Lake Biwa (Smith and Janz 2009), while L. xinanensis Zhao, 1987 has been reported from China (Zhao 1987). Including the record herein of Limnocythere sp., seven of the group inhabit North-East Asia, indicating the group may have originated in this region.…”