Recent gamma background measurements at high mountain altitude

Public exposure due to external gamma background radiation in boundary areas of Iran

“…The contribution of cosmic rays to dose rates in air at high mountain altitudes has been already simulated and reported to be of the order of 10e12% (Mishev and Hristova, 2012). Consequently, the proportional contribution of cosmic rays at higher altitudes is calculated approximately to be 6.7 mSv/ month which is in good agreement with those values interpolated from the curve presented by Mishev and Hristova (2012) (dashed line in Fig. 3).…”

“…Also the variations in concentrations of the natural radionuclides of the uraniumethorium series and their decay products, as well as potassium-40, may vary the public external dose from terrestrial radiation (UNSCEAR, 2008). The study of background radiation is of great importance in most countries, since the low level exposures may cause stochastic effects of radiation to the public (Bennett, 1993;Sohrabi, 1993;Bouville and Lowder, 1988;Sohrabi and Esmaili, 2002;Mishev and Hristova, 2012;Priest, 2012;Quarto et al, 2013;Sohrabi, 2013;Kümmel et al, 2014).…”

“…Dose rate due to galactic cosmic ray as a function of the altitude above sea level (Mishev and Hristova, 2012). The dashed line shows the corresponding value of 1000 m for the cities located at high elevation in this work.…”

Numerical model for computation of effective and ambient dose equivalent at flight altitudes

“…At present, several models have been proposed, aiming to estimate the dose rate (effective and/or ambient dose equivalent) at flight altitudes due to primary CR radiation (Schraube et al 2000;Ferrari et al 2001;Roesler et al 2002;Lewis et al 2005;Matthiä et al 2008;Sato et al 2008;Mishev & Hristova 2012;Mertens et al 2013;Al Anid et al 2014;Mishev 2014;Mishev et al 2015). According to the definition, the absorbed dose is the energy deposited in a medium by ionizing radiation per unit mass.…”

Dose rate estimates and spatial interpolation maps of outdoor gamma dose rate with geostatistical methods; A case study from Artvin, Turkey

“…2 shows the digital evelation map of the region. The increase in the quantity of cosmic rays causes the gamma dose rates to be higher (Mishev and Hristova, 2012;O'Brien et al, 1996).…”