Recent Experiences in the Rapid Identification of Bacterium coli Type I

Mackenzie, E. F. W.; Taylor, E. Windle; Gilbert, William

doi:10.1099/00221287-2-2-197

Cited by 71 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The method of Mackenzie, Taylor & Gilbert (1948) was used to detect possible false positives in the presumptive coliform test due to Clostridium welchii.…”

Section: Sampling Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of beach pollution at a seaside resort

Moore

1954

J. Hyg.

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A series of infections with Salmonella paratyphi B which occurred at a seaside resort in North Devon every summer between 1943 and 1946 concentrated local attention on a very unsatisfactory sewage outfall, which discharged into the sea at all stages of the tide and frequently caused fouling of the adjacent beach. The local authority, concerned at the possible association between beach pollution and the enteric infections and also by the prospect of serious economic loss in an area dependent on the summer tourist traffic, planned a new sewage disposal scheme based on the controlled discharge of sewage into the sea from a point which had been shown by float tests to be more suitable than the old outfall site.After discussion with the local sanitary authority and the consulting engineers who drew up the plans for the new scheme, it was agreed that bacteriological surveys of the outfall area should be made both before and after the installation of the new scheme. The main purpose of this paper is to give the results of these surveys, the first of which was carried out in the summer of 1948 and the second in the summer of 1950, 3 months after the new scheme had come into operation. ENGINEERING AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BEACH POLLUTIONThe problem of sewage pollution of bathing beaches is a complex one. The discharge of sewage into the sea from coastal towns is determined partly by financial considerations and partly by the lack of suitable space for sewage works in most seaside resorts. If the sewage outfall can be pushed far enough out to sea and the sewage liberated at a reasonable depth below the surface, pollution of beaches will not occur, and this method has been successfully used at several seaside towns in this country, e.g. Bournemouth and Brighton. The prolongation of outfalls for long distances under the sea is, however, both difficult and expensive, and in many coastal areas sewer outfalls discharge sewage just below or even above low-water mark. Where this occurs on a beach used for bathing, two quite distinct problems arise. One is the health hazard occasioned by the deliberate discharge of potentially pathogenic material; the other is an aesthetic problem when the amenities of the area are affected by deposition of excreta on the sands, discoloration of the sea water by 'sleek' fields and the formation of slimy deposits on the beach round the outfall. The disfiguration of a popular beach by sewage may discourage summer visitors, and active local authorities are justified even on economic grounds in planning sewage disposal schemes which minimize the pollution of their beaches.If this problem is approached on frankly aesthetic grounds, it should be possible to set a maximum permitted level of sea water contamination on a bathing beach below which a sewage nuisance is very unlikely, and plans for an adequate sewage

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“…The method of Mackenzie, Taylor & Gilbert (1948) was used to detect possible false positives in the presumptive coliform test due to Clostridium welchii.…”

Section: Sampling Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of beach pollution at a seaside resort

Moore

1954

J. Hyg.

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“…This medium gave identical results when compared with the two tubes classical technique of Mackenzie, Taylor & Gilbert (1948) and was better than LTMB especially in indole production (Papadakis & Mavridou, 1982, 1985.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

The assessment of two media for the confirmation ofEscherichia coliin water samples in single-tube tests

Papadakis

Mavridou

1987

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYTwo single-tube media, lactose-tryptone-lauryl sulphate broth (LTLSB) and lauryl-tryptose-mannitol broth were tested in parallel in a series of 1111 tests on water samples from a variety of sources.LTLSB was found to be superior both in gas and indole production from Escherichia coli when incubated at 44°C and is recommended as the most suitable single-tube confirmatory test for this organism.

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“…test (Mackenzie, Taylor & Gilbert, 1948), and production of gas from lactose and glucose. test (Mackenzie, Taylor & Gilbert, 1948), and production of gas from lactose and glucose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coli‐aerogenes Bacteria on Plants

Papavassiliou

Tzannetis

Leka

et al. 1967

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Summary. Specimens of plant foliage and flowers collected in the region of Attica from various situations and geographical regions were examined over a period of 13 months for the presence of coli‐aerogenes bacteria able to grow at 37°. Twenty‐five (12.2%) of 204 specimens carried coli‐aerogenes bacteria of which Escherichia coli type I was isolated from 12 (5.8%). Coli‐aerogenes bacteria were seldom isolated from plants grown in uninhabited areas, and they occured more frequently during summer and autumn. Vegetables and fruits sold in the central market of Athens are frequently contaminated with coli‐aerogenes bacteria. Of 76 specimens of vegetables examined 66 (86.8%) were positive for coli‐aerogenes bacteria, and 17 (22.3%) for E. coli type I. The figures from 41 specimens of fruits were 26 (65.8%) and 4 (9.7%), respectively.

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Recent Experiences in the Rapid Identification of Bacterium coli Type I

Cited by 71 publications

References 4 publications

A survey of beach pollution at a seaside resort

A survey of beach pollution at a seaside resort

The assessment of two media for the confirmation ofEscherichia coliin water samples in single-tube tests

Coli‐aerogenes Bacteria on Plants

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