Recent Developments of Optoelectronic Synaptic Devices Based on Metal Halide Perovskites

Abstract

Massive data processing with high computing efficiency and low operating power is required owing to the rapid development of artificial intelligence and information technology. However, the von Neumann structure computing system with the separated memory and processor can cause large energy consumption and a low running speed during massive data processing. Therefore, the brain-inspired neuromorphic computing system is developed, that can provide hardware support for emulating biological synaptic functions and realizing highly intensive data processing with low power consumption. As a neuromorphic device, the optoelectronic synaptic device (OSD) is regarded as an ideal device to replace the von Neumann-based computer because of its ultrafast signal transmission, large bandwidth, low energy consumption, and wireless communication. Owing to their unique optoelectronic property, metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have received growing attention as effective photosensitive materials in OSDs. Therefore, the review introduces the recent progress on OSDs based on MHPs (MHPs-OSDs) including the structures and properties of MHPs, and the architectures and performance characteristics of MHPs-OSDs. Furthermore, applications of MHPs-OSDs are presented. Finally, the outlook and opportunity of MHPs-OSDs are discussed.

Microneural Network System Based on MoS2/h-BN/Graphene van der Waals Heterojunction Transistor

“…Photonic and electronic logic circuits play a crucial role in the development of integrated circuits, which consist of optoelectronic logic gates . These logic gates enable digital matrix calculation, leading to improved efficiency by reducing data volume in a computing system. − Consequently, they are regarded as a pivotal element in the advancement of future integrated circuits and high-speed computing systems. The light pulse and gate voltage pulse serve as logic input terminals (p and q), while the transistor current represents the logic output terminal (s).…”

Low Switching Power Neuromorphic Perovskite Devices with Quick Relearning Functionality

“…[3] Halide perovskites have ABX 3 structure, where A is a monovalent organic cation such as methylammonium and formamidinium, B is a divalent metal cation such as Pb 2+ or Sn 2+ , and X is a halide such as Cl − , Br − or I − , has emerged as a potential candidate owing to their high defect tolerance, low defect formation energies, compositional and optical bandgap flexibility, and light/electric pulse induced stimulation possibilities. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The key processes, such as hysteresis, defect formation, and non-radiative recombination, which are detrimental to photovoltaic application act as favorable characteristics for the neuromorphic synaptic devices. Recently, methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI 3 ) based synaptic devices exhibiting synaptic behaviors concerning photonic and electronic stimulations were reported.…”

Self-Powered Optoelectronic Device with Depression-Related Synaptic Functions

“…5 Most reported synaptic devices showed energy consumption above a picojoule, which is much higher than that of biological synapses. 17,18 To solve such problem, self-powered technologies provide a promising way. ]thiadiazole) and tellurophene, a narrow-band conjugated polymer with a high dielectric constant.…”

“…Under normal circumstances, the energy consumption of each synapse in the brain is about 10 fJ per synaptic event . Most reported synaptic devices showed energy consumption above a picojoule, which is much higher than that of biological synapses. , To solve such problem, self-powered technologies provide a promising way. − Chen et al reported a flexible and self-powered optical synapse based on the copolymer of 4,8-di­(thiophen-2-yl)-1|2,3|2-benzo [1,2-c:4,5-c’]­bis­([1,2,5]­thiadiazole) and tellurophene, a narrow-band conjugated polymer with a high dielectric constant . The authors ascribed the self-powered properties to spontaneous exciton dissociation caused by both the localized electric field of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and the high dielectric constant of the narrow-band conjugated polymer .…”