Recent Developments in Thermo-Mechanical Processing of Proteinous Bioplastics

Verbeek, Casparus Johannes Reinhard; Berg, Lisa van den

doi:10.2174/1874464810902030171

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Many researchers have shown that proteins, especially soy can successfully be extruded and injection molded into various plastic products2–13 and several aspects of the technology behind protein processing are presented in recent reviews 1, 14…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moisture content directly influences mechanical properties, typically increasing elongation and reducing strength by effectively plasticizing the material 1, 14–20. Water is required in the manufacture of thermoplastic proteins; it lowers the glass transition and denaturing temperature,1, 14 allowing processing. However, less water promotes dimensional stability directly after injection molding and over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption of Thermoplastic Bloodmeal

Verbeek¹,

Berg

2011

Macro Materials & Eng

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Bloodmeal mixtures containing SS, water, SDS and urea were extruded and injection‐molded. Increased chain mobility with sufficient plasticization during processing increased the amount of available amino acids for strong water/protein interactions. Materials containing low water and increased SS had reduced tensile strength and elongation, compared to higher water at the same SS content. Materials containing three parts SS per hundred parts bloodmeal (pphbm), 60 pphbm water and 20 pphbm urea, were the only ductile materials after conditioning. Changing any one of these factors to a lower level will result in a brittle material. This mixture in combination with 3 pphbm SDS resulted in optimal mechanical properties (tensile strength of 9.6 MPa and Young's modulus of 534.9 MPa). magnified image

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption of Thermoplastic Bloodmeal

Verbeek¹,

Berg

2011

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…[20,23] For decolored bloodmeal (DBM) processing, the color of the extrudate could also be a measure of consolidation. Novatein®, known to consolidate, was assigned 100% (top) one would expect a higher energy input from the extruder required for flow, that is, a greater torque required for rotating the screws against the viscous polymer melt.…”

Section: Specific Mechanical Energy and Consolidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processability and mechanical properties of bioplastics produced from decoloured bloodmeal

et al. 2017

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Bloodmeal is a protein-rich coproduct of the meat industry and can be converted into a thermoplastic. A solution of peracetic acid can be used to degrade colored compounds in bloodmeal, yielding a light yellow material. This causes an increase in β-sheets in the protein's secondary structure, but the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and triethylene glycol (TEG) reduced α-helical and β-sheet content, thereby increasing random coils. Without SDS, chains were less capable of folding into these structures, preventing sufficient intermolecular interactions and chain entanglement, leading to low specific mechanical energy input (SME) during extrusion, and poor consolidation.The whiteness of molded samples showed no correlation with SME during extrusion or the degree of consolidation after extrusion; however, they were observed to have a higher level of whiteness with increasing TEG content and should be considered as a secondary process not directly linked to extrusion. Increasing the amount of water during extrusion increased the Young's modulus (E) by facilitating formation of new interactions, while increasing TEG decreased E as a result of plasticization. The action of SDS on destabilizing electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions was beneficial to extrusion, although it had no further effect during injection molding. TEG had virtually no effect on tensile strength, although it was required for flow and facilitated the formation of strong interactions after water had been evaporated during conditioning. K E Y W O R D Sbioplastics, bloodmeal, peracetic acid How to cite this article: Verbeek CJR, Low A, Lay MC, Hicks TM. Processability and mechanical properties of bioplastics produced from decolored bloodmeal.

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“…Renewable and compostable bioplastics can be produced from biopolymers such as proteins . Animal blood is a by‐product from meat processing and is rich in protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bloodmeal can be converted into a thermoplastic called Novatein thermoplastic (NTP) using water, urea, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium sulfite, and triethylene glycol (TEG) . To increase NTP's range of applications and acceptance from consumers, its color and odor must be removed without compromising its ability to be processed into a bioplastic using common thermoplastic processing techniques …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating Bloodmeal with Peracetic Acid to Produce a Bioplastic Feedstock

Low

Verbeek

Lay

2013

Macromol. Mater. Eng.

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Peracetic acid is used to remove the color and odor from bloodmeal to produce a new bioplastic feedstock. The effects on bloodmeal molecular mass, crystallinity, thermal stability, solubility, product color and smell is investigated. 3 wt% PAA is the lowest concentration to sufficiently remove the odor from bloodmeal. Protein molecular mass is unaffected by PAA concentration. The crystallinity decreases from 35 to 31-27% when treated with 1-5 wt% PAA. Treating bloodmeal with 1-5 wt% PAA also reduces the protein's thermal stability, glass transition temperature (from 225 down to 50 8C) and increases its solubility in PBS, SDS, and sodium sulfite.

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Recent Developments in Thermo-Mechanical Processing of Proteinous Bioplastics

Cited by 34 publications

References 73 publications

Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption of Thermoplastic Bloodmeal

Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption of Thermoplastic Bloodmeal

Processability and mechanical properties of bioplastics produced from decoloured bloodmeal

Treating Bloodmeal with Peracetic Acid to Produce a Bioplastic Feedstock

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