Recent Developments in Malaria Vaccinology

Halbroth, Benedict R.; Draper, Simon J.

doi:10.1016/bs.apar.2015.03.001

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 265 publications

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“…A vaccine for an effective and reliable anti-malaria prophylaxis is not yet available, despite enormous efforts during the last 35 years (Halbroth and Draper, 2015; Hoffman et al, 2015; Miura, 2016). Until recently, the RTS,S/AS01 has been regarded as the most advanced vaccine candidate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential miRNA Expression in the Liver of Balb/c Mice Protected by Vaccination during Crisis of Plasmodium chabaudi Blood-Stage Malaria

et al. 2017

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MicroRNAs are increasingly recognized as epigenetic regulators for outcome of diverse infectious diseases and vaccination efficacy, but little information referring to this exists for malaria. This study investigates possible effects of both protective vaccination and P. chabaudi malaria on the miRNome of the liver as an effector against blood-stage malaria using miRNA microarrays and quantitative PCR. Plasmodium chabaudi blood-stage malaria takes a lethal outcome in female Balb/c mice, but a self-healing course after immunization with a non-infectious blood-stage vaccine. The liver robustly expresses 71 miRNA species at varying levels, among which 65 miRNA species respond to malaria evidenced as steadily increasing or decreasing expressions reaching highest or lowest levels toward the end of the crisis phase on day 11 p.i. in lethal malaria. Protective vaccination does not affect constitutive miRNA expression, but leads to significant (p < 0.05) changes in the expression of 41 miRNA species, however evidenced only during crisis. In vaccination-induced self-healing infections, 18 miRNA-species are up- and 14 miRNA-species are down-regulated by more than 50% during crisis in relation to non-vaccinated mice. Vaccination-induced self-healing and survival of otherwise lethal infections of P. chabaudi activate epigenetic miRNA-regulated remodeling processes in the liver manifesting themselves during crisis. Especially, liver regeneration is accelerated as suggested by upregulation of let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, let-7c-5p, let-7d-5p, let-7f-5p, let-7g-5p, let-7i-5p, miR-26a, miR-122-5p, miR30a, miR27a, and mir-29a, whereas the up-regulated expression of miR-142-3p by more than 100% is compatible with the view of enhanced hepatic erythropoiesis, possibly at expense of megakaryopoiesis, during crisis of P. chabaudi blood-stage malaria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential miRNA Expression in the Liver of Balb/c Mice Protected by Vaccination during Crisis of Plasmodium chabaudi Blood-Stage Malaria

et al. 2017

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“…Purified parasite preparation has been used as immunogens. Peptides, recombinant proteins, DNA plasmids, bacterial and viral vectors, and genetically modified malaria parasites, in combination with new adjuvants, have also been used as vaccine delivery systems (31). However, despite having more than thousands of pre-clinical trials in rodent and monkey models and more than 200 trials in humans, very few vaccine candidates have shown vaccine efficacy in human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Parasites: The Great Escape

Rénia

Goh

2016

Front. Immunol.

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Parasites of the genus Plasmodium have a complex life cycle. They alternate between their final mosquito host and their intermediate hosts. The parasite can be either extra- or intracellular, depending on the stage of development. By modifying their shape, motility, and metabolic requirements, the parasite adapts to the different environments in their different hosts. The parasite has evolved to escape the multiple immune mechanisms in the host that try to block parasite development at the different stages of their development. In this article, we describe the mechanisms reported thus far that allow the Plasmodium parasite to evade innate and adaptive immune responses.

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“…Consequently, the development of an effective and durable vaccine remains a key strategic goal to aid the control, local elimination, and eventual eradication of this disease (2). The mainstay approach to vaccination against the blood-stage of malaria infection is to induce antibodies against the merozoite form of the parasite that invades erythrocytes (3). Such a vacThe development of a highly effective vaccine remains a key strategic goal to aid the control and eventual eradication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human vaccination against RH5 induces neutralizing antimalarial antibodies that inhibit RH5 invasion complex interactions

et al. 2017

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are named inventors on patent applications relating to RH5 and/or other malaria vaccines and immunization regimens. L. Siani and S. Di Marco are employees of ReiThera (formerly Okairos), which is currently developing vectored vaccines for a number of diseases. J. Vekemans was an employee of GSK, which has acquired the ChAd63 vector from Okairos. R. Ashfield is a director of Ducentis and holds shares in the company, which is developing a therapy for autoimmune disease. A.M. Minassian has an immediate family member who is an inventor on patents relating to RH5 and/or other malaria vaccines and immunization regimens and who is a cofounder of, shareholder in, and consultant for SpyBiotech. S. Biswas is a cofounder and CEO of, and shareholder in, SpyBiotech and is a contributor in a patent application relating to multimerisation technology. J. Jin is a cofounder of and shareholder in SpyBiotech.

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Recent Developments in Malaria Vaccinology

Cited by 37 publications

References 265 publications

Differential miRNA Expression in the Liver of Balb/c Mice Protected by Vaccination during Crisis of Plasmodium chabaudi Blood-Stage Malaria

Differential miRNA Expression in the Liver of Balb/c Mice Protected by Vaccination during Crisis of Plasmodium chabaudi Blood-Stage Malaria

Malaria Parasites: The Great Escape

Human vaccination against RH5 induces neutralizing antimalarial antibodies that inhibit RH5 invasion complex interactions

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