Recent developments in high-performance capillary electrophoresis of cereal proteins

Abstract

Cereal proteins play important nutritional and functional roles in human foods and are also important components of animal feeds. As such, cereals are a major economic factor around the world. Because of their importance, cereal proteins have been widely studied. A new emerging technique for studying cereal proteins is high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE). This review focuses mainly on new methods and applications of HPCE to cereal proteins that have been reported in the last three years.

High-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of maize proteins

“…Proteins, typically prolamins, from each cultivar produce unique patterns that can be used as a "fingerprint" to distinguish between cultivars [9]. Thus, zein characterization by RP-HPLC can reliably identify inbred and single hybrid maize genotypes [62].…”

“…In the case of an isoelectric buffer, the separations were carried out in a capillary of greater diameter (50 lm) at higher voltages (24 kV) due to the low conductivity of this buffer. For cereal proteins, some type of solubilization agent (organic solvents, urea, or detergents) has typically been added to the buffer [9]. In the case of maize, ACN and urea were used for the solubilization of proteins.…”

“…These buffers allowed the use of high voltages which in turn produced very rapid separations with high resolutions [9]. The running buffer consisted of 40 mM isoelectric aspartic acid, in the presence of 6 M urea and 0.5% hydroxyethylcellulose (apparent pH 3.7).…”

Pulses: an overview

“…Globulins have highly packed rigid structure due to the presence of disulfide bonds and hydrophobic interactions (Utsumi 1992). Among the four major classes of protein in pulses, albumins are unique due to their solubility in water (Bean and Lookhart 2001). Because of solubility, albumins were capable of interacting and competing with starch for water.…”

Development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of soybean proteins in soybean–rice gluten‐free dietary products

“…Although the individual separation of soybean and rice proteins has previously been reported by chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques [1,2,8,[15][16][17][18], there is no analytical methodology enabling the simultaneous separation of these two groups of vegetable proteins. Only recently, our research group has proposed an analytical methodology for the separation of soybean and cereal (wheat, rice, and maize) proteins in binary mixtures by perfusion RP-HPLC.…”