Abstract:The design and development of advanced energy storage systems with both high energy/power densities and long cycling life have long been a research hotspot. Zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors (ZICs) are regarded as emerging and highly promising candidates, which originates from the combined advantages of zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with large energy density and supercapacitors (SCs) with exceptional power density and cycle stability. This critical review comprehensively and systematically summarizes the fundamentals and… Show more
“…2D nanomaterials, such as graphene, black phosphorus, metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes), etc., have been widely used in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to their excellent are rarely used for multivalent ion energy storage, [23][24][25][26][27] such as zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHSC). [28][29][30][31] In recent years, aqueous ZHSCs are intensively considered as a promising electrochemical energy storage system with high energy density, high power density, and high level of safety. [32][33][34][35][36] MXene as a particularly attractive capacitor-type material can be used as a cathode of ZHSCs.…”
2D transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) have excellent physicalchemical properties, which makes them promising for electrochemical energy storage devices. However, because of their inherent self-stacking and narrow interlayer spacing, it is rarely used in multivalent ion energy storage systems. In this study, fatty diamines and aromatic diamines with different molecular sizes are inserted between MXene interlayers as pillars through a one-step amination process to inhibit the self-stacking and obtain different expanded interlayer spacings with improved antioxidant stability. X-ray diffraction results show that interlayer spacing of MXene increases from 1.23 to 1.40 nm. The p-phenylenediamine-intercalated MXene (PDA-MXene) exhibits better matching interlayer spacing (1.38 nm) and pore structure for improved electrolyte-accessible surface area, enhanced charge-transport properties, and promoted Zn 2+ ions storage. Therefore, zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHSC) using PDA-MXene as cathode exhibits higher specific capacitance (124.4 F g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 ) in 2 m ZnSO 4 electrolyte together with outstanding cycling stability (85% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles at 1 A g −1 ). This study provides a route for precise control of MXene interlayer spacing by small organic molecules, which can be used to observe efficient charge storage in MXene-based electrochemical energy storage devices by optimizing interlayer spacing.
“…2D nanomaterials, such as graphene, black phosphorus, metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes), etc., have been widely used in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to their excellent are rarely used for multivalent ion energy storage, [23][24][25][26][27] such as zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHSC). [28][29][30][31] In recent years, aqueous ZHSCs are intensively considered as a promising electrochemical energy storage system with high energy density, high power density, and high level of safety. [32][33][34][35][36] MXene as a particularly attractive capacitor-type material can be used as a cathode of ZHSCs.…”
2D transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) have excellent physicalchemical properties, which makes them promising for electrochemical energy storage devices. However, because of their inherent self-stacking and narrow interlayer spacing, it is rarely used in multivalent ion energy storage systems. In this study, fatty diamines and aromatic diamines with different molecular sizes are inserted between MXene interlayers as pillars through a one-step amination process to inhibit the self-stacking and obtain different expanded interlayer spacings with improved antioxidant stability. X-ray diffraction results show that interlayer spacing of MXene increases from 1.23 to 1.40 nm. The p-phenylenediamine-intercalated MXene (PDA-MXene) exhibits better matching interlayer spacing (1.38 nm) and pore structure for improved electrolyte-accessible surface area, enhanced charge-transport properties, and promoted Zn 2+ ions storage. Therefore, zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHSC) using PDA-MXene as cathode exhibits higher specific capacitance (124.4 F g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 ) in 2 m ZnSO 4 electrolyte together with outstanding cycling stability (85% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles at 1 A g −1 ). This study provides a route for precise control of MXene interlayer spacing by small organic molecules, which can be used to observe efficient charge storage in MXene-based electrochemical energy storage devices by optimizing interlayer spacing.
“…[ 1–4 ] An urgent problem emerged behind this prosperity is that multifunctional wearable electronics are highly desired to resolve the limited lifespan, periodic charging, potential safety hazards, and unsustainable issues during heavy usage of conventional energy storage units. [ 5–9 ] Techniques that can harvest energy from surroundings and generate electricity directly are highly promising to address these issues, such as solar cells, [ 10–12 ] thermoelectric generators, [ 13,14 ] biofuel cells, [ 15,16 ] and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). [ 17,18 ] Among them, TENGs based on a coupling effect of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction can convert ubiquitous, neglected, and low‐frequency biomechanical energy into electricity.…”
The emergence of fibrous energy harvesters and self‐powered sensors gives birth to functional wearable electronics. However, low power outputs, poor sensing abilities, and limited material selections have greatly restricted their developments. Herein, novel polycation‐modified carbon dots (PCDs) tailored PCDs/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NPEs) are prepared and used as dominating triboelectric materials to construct a new NPEs‐based fiber triboelectric nanogenerator (NPE‐TENG) for the first time. The filling of PCDs endows NPEs with enhanced ionic conductivity. The developed NPE‐TENG can respond to different mechanical stimuli with excellent flexibility and deliver a high power density of 265.8 µW m−1. Self‐powered wearable sensor and smart glove based on NPE‐TENG are further developed, which can achieve skin‐level tactile sensing and joint‐related activities monitoring in a rapid, real‐time, and noninvasive way. As a sustainable power source, the NPE‐TENG can drive small electronics and light up hundreds of light‐emitting diodes. This study not only renders new insights into the development of triboelectric materials for fiber‐based TENG but also provides a direction for potential applications of fibrous biomechanical energy harvesters and self‐powered sensors in wearable electronics, personal healthcare monitoring, and human–machine interactions.
“…Much work has been focused on preparing novel high‐performance anode, cathode and electrolyte materials. Recently, many review articles have been presented on Zn‐ion batteries, [50–55] however, only a few review articles have been published on ZICs with a lack of discussion on the development of materials, storage mechanisms involved, comprehensive literature review of anode, cathode and electrolyte materials [35,56–60] …”
High‐performance energy storage devices have an exceptional role in modern applications such as green transportation, consumer electronics and electrical systems. Recently, the hybrid supercapacitor has gained great interest among researchers that adopt a combination of capacitive and battery‐type electrodes to increase the energy density without sacrificing the power performance. Different types of hybrid energy storage devices have been reported recently including lithium‐ion capacitor (LIC), sodium‐ion capacitor (NIC) and potassium‐ion capacitor (KIC). However, these devices are based on alkali metals such as Li, Na and K which are extremely reactive and consistently used with flammable organic electrolytes that intensify serious safety issues. Hybrid devices based on multivalent ions including Mg2+, Ca2+, Al3+ and Zn2+ have achieved considerable attraction due to their rapid charge transfer kinetics and high capacity as well as energy density. Herein, we reviewed the recent developments in the anode and cathode materials of Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZICs). The design, construction and working of supercapacitor (SC), Zinc ion battery (ZIB) and ZIC have been discussed along with their charge storage mechanism. Finally, based on the published work, our views on future developmental opportunities have been discussed.
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