Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted great consideration in electrochemical systems such as supercapacitors and water splitting due to their layered structures, flexible interlayer distances, and tunable elemental compositions. Recently, ternary LDHs have been considered as efficient materials for energy-related applications due to their superior performance as compared to binary LDHs. To optimize the composition of ternary LDHs for electrochemical applications, herein, Co-, Ni-, and Fe-based ternary LDHs (CNFLs) at different molar ratios are prepared by a facile electrodeposition method. Among them, a sample with a higher concentration of Ni (Ni-rich CNFL) exhibits a maximal specific capacity of 467 C g −1 at the sweep rate of 5 mV s −1 with a capacity retention of 81% after 2000 cycles. In the case of electrocatalytic activity, the Ni-rich CNFL shows an appreciable overpotential of 139 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm −2 along with the smallest Tafel slope (46 mV dec −1 ). The Ni-rich CNFL shows excellent electrocatalytic stability over 8 h of stable operation. This enhanced performance of Ni-rich CNFL is attributed to the synergic effect of Co, Ni, and Fe hydroxides and the anticipated growth of more Co IV active sites with the higher surface area. Thus, CoNiFe LDH with a high concentration of Ni acts as a potential electrode material for electrochemical applications.
High‐performance energy storage devices have an exceptional role in modern applications such as green transportation, consumer electronics and electrical systems. Recently, the hybrid supercapacitor has gained great interest among researchers that adopt a combination of capacitive and battery‐type electrodes to increase the energy density without sacrificing the power performance. Different types of hybrid energy storage devices have been reported recently including lithium‐ion capacitor (LIC), sodium‐ion capacitor (NIC) and potassium‐ion capacitor (KIC). However, these devices are based on alkali metals such as Li, Na and K which are extremely reactive and consistently used with flammable organic electrolytes that intensify serious safety issues. Hybrid devices based on multivalent ions including Mg2+, Ca2+, Al3+ and Zn2+ have achieved considerable attraction due to their rapid charge transfer kinetics and high capacity as well as energy density. Herein, we reviewed the recent developments in the anode and cathode materials of Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZICs). The design, construction and working of supercapacitor (SC), Zinc ion battery (ZIB) and ZIC have been discussed along with their charge storage mechanism. Finally, based on the published work, our views on future developmental opportunities have been discussed.
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