Recent Development of Pyrimidine‐Containing Antimicrobial Agents

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections have become an important cause of clinical death in the twenty-first century. Much effort has been made to overcome this challenge. The discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds, as well as the rational use of antibacterial drugs with different structure types and mechanisms, is helping to deal with bacterial resistance. Currently, pyrimidine-containing agents are the major areas of new antibacterial drug discovery. Given their good activities and diverse mechanisms of action, many pyrimidine-containing heterocyclic compounds have become the focus of interest for many scientists. In addition, pyrimidine structure is an important part of many endogenous substances, which is an advantage that allows pyrimidine derivatives to interact with genetic materials, enzymes and other biopolymeric substances in the cell. Scientists have focused on the discovery and structural optimization of pyrimidine derivatives, which has resulted in the discovery of many novel pyrimidine derivatives with intriguing profiles. Herein we summarize the therapeutic potentials of pyrimidine compounds that are promising for antimicrobial applications over the last decade. In particular, the relationships between the structures of modified pyrimidines and their antimicrobial activity are systematically discussed.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of a Pyrimidine Derivative Against <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i>

“…Анализируя химическое строение нового производного пиримидина 3-(2-Фенил-2-оксоэтил)хиназолин-4(3Н)-он, установлено, что противомикробное действие данное соединение оказывает за счёт наличия в химической формуле метильного радикала в положении 3. Доказано, что наличие указанного радикала усиливает антимикробную активность лекарственных веществ [18,19].…”

Novel Steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines Derived from Epiandrosterone and Androsterone: Synthesis, Characterization and Configuration-Activity Relationships

“…It is well known that pyrimidine is a class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-membered ring. Heterocyclic compounds bearing the pyrimidine core are of tremendous interest because the pyrimidine structure, which is an important part of many endogenous substances, can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio-components within the cell [ 3 , 4 ]. Up to now, many natural and synthetic pyrimidines derivatives have been of enormous importance and demonstrate a variety of pharmacological activities, including anticancer [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], antiviral [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], antifungal [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], antioxidant [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], antibacterial [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], antituberculosis [ 27 , 28 ], anticonvulsant [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], antimalarial [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], antihypertensive [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ], and anti-inflammatory [ 46 , 47 , 48 , …”

Visible‐Light‐Promoted Synthesis of Arylthiopyrimidines through Oxidative Coupling of Pyrimidine Disulfides with Arylhydrazines

“…The pyrimidine structure is a key skeleton constituting human DNA, which can realize gene expression regulation through chemical modification, and plays a crucial role in the medical field. In addition, some drugs show anti‐cancer, antiviral, antipsychotic, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐microbial activity, most of which contain pyrimidine groups [1–4] . Recently, the application value of pyrimidine compounds is particularly prominent in agriculture [5] .…”

“…In addition, some drugs show anti-cancer, antiviral, antipsychotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activity, most of which contain pyrimidine groups. [1][2][3][4] Recently, the application value of pyrimidine compounds is particularly prominent in agriculture. [5] According to structural characteristics, pyrimidine compounds can be divided into pyrimidine (thio) ethers, pyrimidine amines, fused ring pyrimidines and other pyrimidine compounds.…”