Recent Development of Aprotic Na−O<sub>2</sub> Batteries

Zhao, Shuo; Qin, Bin; Chan, Kwong‐Yu; Li, Chi‐Ying Vanessa; Li, Fujun

doi:10.1002/batt.201900015

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 115 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, it is vital to take action to protect Na anode to improve battery lifespan. [ 46 ] Even though the protection methods for Li and Na are alike, Na is more active and difficult to handle. As a result, specific protection strategies are very important for Na anode.…”

Section: Na‐o2 Batteries: Promising Alternative To Li‐o2 Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efforts towards Practical and Sustainable Li/Na‐Air Batteries

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Na‐o2 Batteries: Promising Alternative To Li‐o2 Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efforts towards Practical and Sustainable Li/Na‐Air Batteries

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 36–38 ] The metal–air battery holds a semiopen structure that the O 2 as the active material does not store in it, reducing the battery mass and volume and improving its energy density. [ 39–47 ] Under the proposition of guaranteeing electrochemical performance, the components in the flexible metal–air battery, including active cathodes, metal anodes, separators, current collectors, and packaging materials, should be flexible to endure frequent mechanical strain. [ 48–54 ] Moreover, the safety of flexible battery is paramount during repeated deformation conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Flexible Lithium–Air/O₂ Battery

Liu

Yang

Zhang

2020

Adv Materials Technologies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

volume and improving its energy density. [39-47] Under the proposition of guaranteeing electrochemical performance, the components in the flexible metal-air battery, including active cathodes, metal anodes, separators, current collectors, and packaging materials, should be flexible to endure frequent mechanical strain. [48-54] Moreover, the safety of flexible battery is paramount during repeated deformation conditions. [55-60] Up to now, there are many flexible metal-air batteries have been proposed, such as flexible lithium (Li)-air battery, flexible Li-CO 2 battery, flexible zinc-air battery, flexible aluminum-air battery, silicon-oxygen battery, and so on. [61-71] Among various metalair batteries, Li-air batteries have raised much concern and got rapid development as a result of their theoretical energy density up to 5928 Wh kg −1 , eco-friendly, good reversibility, and high operating voltage of 2.96 V. [24,25,72-74] Here, we review the latest advances of flexible Li-air battery, focusing on the fabrication of flexible cathodes for improving the electrochemical performance, development of electrolyte for obtaining long durability, design of battery structure for achieving high flexibility. It should be noted that some reported studies on Li-air batteries were tested in the oxygen atmosphere rather than the ambient air, which is described as "Li-O 2 batteries." [27,75] 2. Flexible Cathodes The typical Li-air battery commonly made of Li metal anode, air cathode and aprotic electrolyte, which worked through the reaction of 2Li + O 2 → Li 2 O 2 (E OCV = 2.96 V). [76-80] As mentioned above, all components in flexible Li-air batteries should be flexible to accommodate stresses and strains in deformation. [10] However, the cathode and current collector are typically rigid carbon paper or porous metal, which hardly meet the needs of flexible Li-air battery, seriously restricting the development of the battery flexibility. [81-83] Moreover, the cathode should possess high catalytic activity to facilitate the OER and ORR reactions of Li-air battery, and porous structure to store the discharge products. [84-88] Therefore, it is urgently required to develop flexible and high-performance cathode materials with high mechanical stability for flexible Li-air batteries. Different from carbon paper with a rigid structure, carbon cloth is flexible that woven from multistrands of carbon fiber. Because of its mechanical flexibility and conductivity, carbon cloth was widely used as a flexible substrate material for the cathode in Li-air battery. [89-92] Liu et al. first proposed a flexible Li-O 2 battery with a flexible and recoverable cathode that constructed on the carbon cloth by depositing densely TiO 2 Along with the popularity of flexible electronic products, the requirements for flexible energy storage devices are also increasing, including high energy density, long-term stability, and high-grade safety. Among various flexible energy storage devices, flexible lithium-air batteries are expected to be one of the best candidate...

show abstract

“…Combining Ca plating/stripping as anode reaction with an oxygen cathode promises impressive theoretical specific energies . This kind of battery, in which a metal anode is combined with an oxygen cathode, was extensively investigated, and several combinations of alkali metals and oxygen have been proposed [9–11] . It is interesting that even on good catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in aqueous media, such as platinum, where oxygen is reduced to water and thus the dioxygen bond is broken, the situation is completely changing if a non‐aqueous electrolyte is used [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Ca²⁺‐Containing DMSO: Reaction Mechanism, Electrode Surface Characterization, and Redox Mediation**

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study we strengthen our fundamental understanding of the underlying reactions of a possible Ca-O2 battery using a DMSO based electrolyte. Employing the rotating ring disc electrode, we find a transition from a mixed process of O2and O2 2formation to an exclusive O2formation at gold electrodes. We will show that in this system Ca-superoxide and Ca-peroxide are formed as soluble species. However, there is a strongly adsorbed layer of ORR products on the electrode surface which is blocking the electrode. Surprisingly the blockade is a partial blockade because the formation of superoxide can be maintained. During an anodic sweep the ORR product layer is stripped from the electrode surface. With X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy the deposited ORR products are shown to be Ca(O2)2, CaO2 and CaO as well as side reaction products such as CO3 2and other oxygen containing carbon species. We will give evidences that the strongly attached layer on the electrocatalyst that is partially blocking the electrode could be adsorbed CaO. The disproportionation reaction of O2in presence of Ca 2+ was demonstrated via mass spectrometry. Finally the ORR mediated by 2,5-Di-tert-1,4-benzoquinone (DBBQ) is investigated by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) and XPS. Similar products as without DBBQ are deposited on the electrode surface. The analysis of the DEMS experiments shows that DBBQis reducing O2 to O2and O2 2whereas in the presence of DBBQ 2-O2 2is formed. The mechanism of the ORR with and without DBBQ will be discussed.

show abstract

Recent Development of Aprotic Na−O₂ Batteries

Cited by 47 publications

References 115 publications

Efforts towards Practical and Sustainable Li/Na‐Air Batteries

Efforts towards Practical and Sustainable Li/Na‐Air Batteries

Recent Progress of Flexible Lithium–Air/O₂ Battery

The Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Ca²⁺‐Containing DMSO: Reaction Mechanism, Electrode Surface Characterization, and Redox Mediation**

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Recent Development of Aprotic Na−O2 Batteries

Cited by 47 publications

References 115 publications

Efforts towards Practical and Sustainable Li/Na‐Air Batteries

Efforts towards Practical and Sustainable Li/Na‐Air Batteries

Recent Progress of Flexible Lithium–Air/O2 Battery

The Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Ca2+‐Containing DMSO: Reaction Mechanism, Electrode Surface Characterization, and Redox Mediation**

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Recent Development of Aprotic Na−O₂ Batteries

Recent Progress of Flexible Lithium–Air/O₂ Battery

The Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Ca²⁺‐Containing DMSO: Reaction Mechanism, Electrode Surface Characterization, and Redox Mediation**