2018
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11148.1
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Recent advances in understanding acute respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by acute diffuse lung injury, which results in increased pulmonary vascular permeability and loss of aerated lung tissue. This causes bilateral opacity consistent with pulmonary edema, hypoxemia, increased venous admixture, and decreased lung compliance such that patients with ARDS need supportive care in the intensive care unit to maintain oxygenation and prevent adverse outcomes. Recently, advances in understanding the underlying pathophysiology of … Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…The major immune cells involved in ARDS are neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and platelets ( Fanelli et al., 2013 ; Butt et al., 2016 ; Confalonieri et al., 2017 ). The pathogenesis of sepsis and ARDS is closely related to the aberrant activation of inflammatory responses, which play a key role in the development of ARDS ( Wohlrab et al., 2015 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The major immune cells involved in ARDS are neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and platelets ( Fanelli et al., 2013 ; Butt et al., 2016 ; Confalonieri et al., 2017 ). The pathogenesis of sepsis and ARDS is closely related to the aberrant activation of inflammatory responses, which play a key role in the development of ARDS ( Wohlrab et al., 2015 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin 8 (IL-8) which in turn recruit components of the innate immune system have been shown to be associated with ARDS [34,35]. Neutrophils are recruited to the lungs by these cytokines, which then become activated and release toxic mediators [36], leading to extensive free radical production and reactive oxygen species which overwhelms endogenous anti-oxidants resulting in oxidative cell damage to lung tissue [37].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…30,37 Then, the protein-rich fluid induces acute pulmonary edema and inactivates PS. 36 In addition, the inflammatory reaction damages alveolar type II cells and decreases the quantity of PS synthesized; Figure 1A. The relationship between the age at which the MDR-KP infection was acquired and gestational age.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%