Recent advances in ultrasound application in fermented and non‐fermented dairy products: antibacterial and bioactive properties

Abstract

Summary Ultrasound, as an innovative approach, is a suitable alternative for dairy heat processing and can effectively inactivate microorganisms. Its capacity in improving the bioactive and functional properties of fermented dairy products has been stated in several studies. Increase in the amplitude of ultrasound up to 60% provided significantly increase in peptide content. This review provides comprehensive information of ultrasound in the production of both fermented and non‐fermented dairy products. In‐depth discussion of the effect of ultrasound on the bioactive properties of dairy products, linking the anticancer, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory effects with the content of bioactive peptides, exopolysaccharides, and the activity of enzymes were also discussed. Ultrasound pre‐treatment induces proteolysis and production of bioactive compounds such as peptides and exopolysaccharides that are responsible for antibacterial and health beneficial properties of these products including antioxidants, anticancer, anti‐hypertensive, and anti‐diabetic activities. The application of ultrasound at optimum conditions is a promising way to produce functional fermented and non‐fermented dairy products with various health‐beneficial activities.

Overview of Dairy-based Products with Probiotics: Fermented or Non-fermented Milk Drink

“…Furthermore, the development of various non-fermented milk products with added sugar or food additives is expected to complement the benefits of fermented milk ( Jang et al, 2022 ; Oliveira et al, 2017 ). In addition, the use of ultrasound could lead to the production of functional non-fermented milk with health benefits by reducing the particle size, enzymatic activities, and modification of proteins ( Kaveh et al, 2023 ).…”

Recent Advances in Acoustic Technology in Food Processing

“…As mentioned earlier, US processing can change the molecular structure of biopolymers, which is closely related to their biological activities, such as antioxidant, prebiotic, and anticancer [ 145 , 164 ]. According to Xiao et al [ 165 ], ultrasound treatment (20 kHz; 20–80 °C) influenced Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide (FVP) chain conformation, reduced the viscosity and gel strength, and increased its thermal stability.…”

“…In recent years, the application of plant-derived bioactive components has shown an incremental trend in food applications, such as dietary-fiber-rich or enriched with natural antioxidants meat products [ 172 , 173 ]. Because of the need to explore sustainable protein sources, US-assisted extraction (100 W and 200 W; 5–20 min) used for the isolation of protein from cowpea significantly increased the protein yield from 31.78% to 58.96% [ 164 ]. Karki et al [ 174 ] reported the use of high-power sonication as one of the pre-treatment methods with an improved protein extraction yield of 40–46% from defatted soy meal.…”

BCM-7: Opioid-like Peptide with Potential Role in Disease Mechanisms

“…These microcomponents are essential for the body [1], serving as a comprehensive supplement for children during their developmental period and have a positive effect on adults as well [4]. In broader terms, milk supports the intestine and immune system as a prebiotic substance, thus reducing the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [5,6]. For these reasons, milk formula is often introduced as the first food for infants in the absence of breastfeeding or in case of malnutrition [1].…”