Recent advances in transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes): Characteristics, environmental remediation and challenges

Wu, You; Li, Xiaoming; Zhao, Hui; Yao, Fubing; Cao, Jian; Chen, Zhuo; Huang, Xiaoding; Wang, Dongbo; Yang, Qi

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.129296

Cited by 76 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…Moreover, they exhibit high conductivity, excellent chemical stability, thermal conductivity, hydrophilicity, surface functionality, and environmental compatibility 38 . As a consequence, they have rapidly emerged in various applications, including water remediation 39 , 40 . Among the different MXenes, Ti 3 C 2 T x is the most studied one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trapping and detecting nanoplastics by MXene-derived oxide microrobots

et al. 2022

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Nanoplastic pollution, the final product of plastic waste fragmentation in the environment, represents an increasing concern for the scientific community due to the easier diffusion and higher hazard associated with their small sizes. Therefore, there is a pressing demand for effective strategies to quantify and remove nanoplastics in wastewater. This work presents the “on-the-fly” capture of nanoplastics in the three-dimensional (3D) space by multifunctional MXene-derived oxide microrobots and their further detection. A thermal annealing process is used to convert Ti3C2Tx MXene into photocatalytic multi-layered TiO2, followed by the deposition of a Pt layer and the decoration with magnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The MXene-derived γ-Fe2O3/Pt/TiO2 microrobots show negative photogravitaxis, resulting in a powerful fuel-free motion with six degrees of freedom under light irradiation. Owing to the unique combination of self-propulsion and programmable Zeta potential, the microrobots can quickly attract and trap nanoplastics on their surface, including the slits between multi-layer stacks, allowing their magnetic collection. Utilized as self-motile preconcentration platforms, they enable nanoplastics’ electrochemical detection using low-cost and portable electrodes. This proof-of-concept study paves the way toward the “on-site” screening of nanoplastics in water and its successive remediation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trapping and detecting nanoplastics by MXene-derived oxide microrobots

et al. 2022

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“…Recently, extensive investigations focus on transition metalbased catalysts containing metal carbides, [4] nitrides, [5] phosphides, [6] and chalcogenides, [7] etc. By means of low-cost, richreserves, and intriguing catalytic activity, nickel sulfides have captured tons of attractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Fe‐doped NiS–NiS₂ Heterostructured Microspheres Via Etching Prussian Blue Analogues for Efficient Water‐Urea Splitting

Huang

Zhang

Xin

et al. 2022

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Developing efficient and robust non‐precious‐metal‐based catalysts to accelerate electrocatalytic reaction kinetics is crucial for electrochemical water‐urea splitting. Herein, Fe‐doped NiS–NiS2 heterostructured microspheres, an electrocatalyst, are synthesized via etching Prussian blue analogues following a controlled annealing treatment. The resulting microspheres are constructed by mesoporous nanoplates, granting the virtues of large surface areas, high structural void porosity, and accessible inner surface. These advantages not only provide more redox reaction centers but also strengthen structural robustness and effectively facilitate the mass diffusion and charge transport. Density functional theory simulations validate that the Fe‐doping improves the conductivity of nickel sulfides, whereas the NiS–NiS2 heterojunctions induce interface charge rearrangement for optimizing the adsorption free energy of intermediates, resulting in a low overpotential and high electrocatalytic activity. Specifically, an ultralow overpotential of 270 mV at 50 mA cm−2 for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is achieved. After adding 0.33 M urea into 1 M KOH, Fe‐doped NiS–NiS2 obtains a strikingly reduced urea oxidation reaction potential of 1.36 V to reach 50 mA cm−2, around 140 mV less than OER. This work provides insights into the synergistic modulation of electrocatalytic activity of non‐noble catalysts for applications in energy conversion systems.

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Section: Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on MXene Synthesis, Stability, and Photocatalytic Applications

et al. 2022

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Photocatalytic water splitting, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation have emerged as promising strategies to remedy the existing environmental and energy crises. However, grafting of expensive and less abundant noble-metal cocatalysts on photocatalyst materials is a mandatory practice to achieve enhanced photocatalytic performance owing to the ability of the cocatalysts to extract electrons efficiently from the photocatalyst and enable rapid/enhanced catalytic reaction. Hence, developing highly efficient, inexpensive, and noble-metal-free cocatalysts composed of earth-abundant elements is considered as a noteworthy step toward considering photocatalysis as a more economical strategy. Recently, MXenes (two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have shown huge potential as alternatives for noble-metal cocatalysts. MXenes have several excellent properties, including atomically thin 2D morphology, metallic electrical conductivity, hydrophilic surface, and high specific surface area. In addition, they exhibit Gibbs free energy of intermediate H atom adsorption as close to zero and less than that of a commercial Pt-based cocatalyst, a Fermi level position above the H2 generation potential, and an excellent ability to capture and activate CO2 molecules. Therefore, there is a growing interest in MXene-based photocatalyst materials for various photocatalytic events. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the synthesis of MXenes with 2D and 0D morphologies, the stability of MXenes, and MXene-based photocatalysts for H2 evolution, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation. The existing challenges and the possible future directions to enhance the photocatalytic performance of MXene-based photocatalysts are also discussed.

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Recent advances in transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes): Characteristics, environmental remediation and challenges

Cited by 76 publications

References 231 publications

Trapping and detecting nanoplastics by MXene-derived oxide microrobots

Trapping and detecting nanoplastics by MXene-derived oxide microrobots

Construction of Fe‐doped NiS–NiS₂ Heterostructured Microspheres Via Etching Prussian Blue Analogues for Efficient Water‐Urea Splitting

A Review on MXene Synthesis, Stability, and Photocatalytic Applications

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Recent advances in transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes): Characteristics, environmental remediation and challenges

Cited by 76 publications

References 231 publications

Trapping and detecting nanoplastics by MXene-derived oxide microrobots

Trapping and detecting nanoplastics by MXene-derived oxide microrobots

Construction of Fe‐doped NiS–NiS2 Heterostructured Microspheres Via Etching Prussian Blue Analogues for Efficient Water‐Urea Splitting

A Review on MXene Synthesis, Stability, and Photocatalytic Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Construction of Fe‐doped NiS–NiS₂ Heterostructured Microspheres Via Etching Prussian Blue Analogues for Efficient Water‐Urea Splitting